The current relationship between Syria and the West cripples any real prospect for reconstruction. Western sanctions on reconstruction as a political tool aimed at the regime, have wide-ranging negative impacts on the civilian population – while having little hope of political success. For agriculture the repercussions of sanctions on reconstruction are severe, affecting refugee returns, livelihood recovery, food security and stabilization.

This training manual is designed to give those responsible for undertaking environmental impact assessments the skills and knowledge to conduct environmental monitoring for large-scale commercial farming. It proposes a variety of tools such as exercises and proactive learning, as well as presents key elements of Environmental Monitoring.

This bulletin distils lessons from a sugarcane cooperative in Malawi and a forestry investment scheme in Sierra Leone, drawing on the five pillars of inclusive business as identified in the 2018 LEGEND state of the debate report. 

Land degradation poses daunting challenges to Niger and the country has designed several policies and strategies for combatting it. Building on work past studies, this study uses new satellite data which have higher resolution and run for longer time – thus capturing the longterm land management dynamics. This study also uses an improved cost of land degradation model which nets out benefits from land improvement as well analysing the impacts of land degradation on food and nutrition security.

Significant areas of agricultural lands of Primorsky Territory (664.2 thousand hectares) are subjected to various erosion processes, therefore they need to be conservated by afforestation. The purpose of the study is to develop scientific and practical recommendations on the creation and use of different types of forest plantations on agricultural lands.

The aim of the research is to carry out a comparative analysis of the effect of phosphohypso-containing fertilizer-reclamative compost (FRC) and iron-aluminium containing fertilizer-reclamative mixture (FRM) on the properties of ordinary alkali chernozem. The object of the study is ordinary chernozem degraded as a result of brackish water (1.7 g per dm3 on average in years) irrigation of sodium sulphate-composition. Soil samples were selected in the Rostov region in autumn before reclamation and annually after reclamation means usage in layers 0-20, 20-40 cm on permanent dynamic sites.

There are analyzed results of long-term researches on the use optimization of forage soils transformed by bushes in the south of the country. Classification of agro forestry lands of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain of the Astrakhan region, overgrown with silver berry Elaeagnus angustifolia was made on the bio productive potential. Rational methods of nature management and effective measures on improving the zoo ecological comfort of the transformed landscapes were developed. Field studies have established the ecological-ameliorative role of silver berry plantations gion.

Preventing contamination of natural waters and controlling the volume and improving the quality of drain and wastewater from the reclaimed territories of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia requires applying a set of measures as well as developing new technical solutions.

The average land productivity score is about 41.8 in the Republic of Lithuania. However, in separate regions it ranges from 30.5 to 55.1. The research object is agricultural utilities in rural municipalities of the Republic of Lithuania. The analysis of land use plan fragments in the selected areas shows that land is abandoned mostly in land areas where non-productive land or hilly relief prevails. Having improved conditions of land use, about 44 % of abandoned agricultural utilities can be transferred into intensive farming.

Land improvement activities contribute to soil protection, create conditions to boost soil fertility and encourage more rational use of water resources. The paper is focused on investigating, planning, performing and maintaining the constructions related to water use or protection against destructive actions. The soil – being the main natural source of the Republic of Moldova and forming the base of its food security, economic potential and people welfare – becomes increasingly the subject to severe degradation processes in recent years.

La régénération de la mangrove n’est pas une tâche simple, elle nécessite un certain nombre de précautions et d’engagements de la part des populations concernées et des autorités locales tout comme les institutions gouvernementales et/ou non gouvernementales. L’un des principes de réussite de cette activité de reforestation est de rendre les communautés locales actrices et porteuses du projet. Dans ce cadre, la sensibilisation des populations riveraines aux enjeux de la protection des ressources naturelles : mangrove, couvert végétal et stocks de poissons apparaît primordiale.

The final purpose of a package of works on recultivation is to create the desired conditions for activity of phyto-ameliorant crops (melilot, alfalfa), legume bacteria and oil oxidizing bacteria for cuttings slurry (CS) development. The activity parameters of legumes bacteria were studied in laboratory experiments on bean agar which showed that the introduction of calcium in the nutrient mixture 7 or more times increases the number of these bacteria in comparison with soda salinization.