The Chinese have lived in singleextendedfamily courtyard houses in many parts of China for thousands of years The earliest courtyard house found in China was during the Middle Neolithic period 50003000 BCE The courtyard form signifies Chinese quest for harmony with nature and in social relationships However the 20th century was a significant turning point in the evolution of Chinese courtyard houses this paper provides an overview of this transition It starts by briefly introducing traditional Chinese courtyard houses and their decline since 1949 it then examines the emergence of new courty
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Showing items 1 through 9 of 13.-
Library ResourceJournal Articles & BooksJanuary, 2017China, Fiji, United States of America, France, Russia, Mexico
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Library ResourceJournal Articles & BooksJanuary, 2017Turkey, United States of America
This article aims at following the traces of the transformation of public sphere in Turkey through its manifestations on urban public spaces with the case study of Taksim Square In this attempt the article illustrates how Taksim square as a public space has been shaped by struggles between different ideologies discourses political decisions and daily activities taking place at personal interpersonal local national supranational and global scales Through this way this article also aims at understanding how these contestations at different scales are affecting people individually and collecti
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Library ResourceJournal Articles & BooksJanuary, 2017France, United States of America, Cyprus
Historical cities due to its magnificent building in its context have a tremendous influence on the formation of city identity which is created through the interaction of natural social and built elements Unfortunately modernization after the industrial revolution couldnt adapt itself to the vernacular area owing to the fact that cities began to lose their identity and sense of belonging to the environment The new technology of construction lets the cities to expand itself outside but in this transformation some factors which have an influence on the identity of the city have been forgotten
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchDecember, 2016Latin America and the Caribbean, Guatemala
In Guatemala, a history of discrimination and inequality of opportunity led to a 36-year conflict that finally subsided with a Peace Agreement in 1996. Improvements since then have prevented a return to conflict and begun to create the conditions for sustained stability. However, the persistence of substantial inequality constitutes a risk factor for future stability and constrains Guatemala’s growth potential. Land distribution is highly unequal. The largest 2.5% of farms occupy nearly two-thirds of agricultural land while 90% of the farms are on only one-sixth of the agricultural land.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchSeptember, 2016Norway, Russia, United States of America
Russia has experienced dramatic changes in land ownership and tenure since 1991: agricultural land has been largely privatized, individual landowners now have legal rights to most agricultural land in the country, and prohibitions on buying and selling of land have been recently removed. The necessary pre-conditions for the development of agricultural land markets have been met and we are beginning to witness transactions that involve individual landowners, and not only the state.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchJuly, 2016Brazil, Colombia, United States of America, South Africa, Southern Africa
The author describes a new type of negotiated land reform that relies on voluntary land transfers negotiated between buyers and sellers, with the government's role restricted to establishing the necessary framework for negotiation and making a land purchase grant available to eligible beneficiaries. This approach has emerged-following the end of the Cold War and broad macroeconomic adjustment--as many countries face a second generation of reforms to address deep-rooted structural problems and provide a basis for sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchMay, 2016Norway, Turkmenistan, United States of America
Land Economics/Use,
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchDecember, 2016United States of America
In the mid-1960s 26 percent of the single-family homes in Honolulu were on leased land. Dissatisfaction with leasehold led to reform legislation in 1967, allowing lessees to buy leased land. By 1991 only 3.6 percent of the homes were on leased land. We examine why landowners elected to lease rather than sell land and attribute the rise of leasehold to legal constraints on land sales by large estates and the federal tax code. Ideological forces initiated land reform in 1967, but rent-seeking forces captured the process in the mid-1970s.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchNovember, 2016Norway, United States of America
Land reform, equitable distribution, economic development, environmental quality, land reform strategies, Brazil, Landless Workers’ Movement, East Asia, rural poverty, land productivity, sustainable agriculture, comparative advantage, small farms. Land reform, equitable distribution, economic development, environmental quality, land reform strategies, Brazil, Landless Workers’ Movement, East Asia, rural poverty, land productivity, sustainable agriculture, comparative advantage, small farms.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchNovember, 2016Norway, United States of America
A recent literature in development economics has focused renewed attention on land redistribution. Driven in part by political events in countries like Zimbabwe, the literature has sought to understand the economic implications of land reform. Much of this literature focuses on credit market imperfections and the role of land as collateral. Redistribution of land allows poor farmers to borrow, invest, and thus escape poverty. But in terms of aggregate production, redistributing land may have positive, negative, or neutral effects on output.
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