In this paper, we use an actor-oriented perspective to explore the nature and extent of conflict and negotiation with regard to land use and tenure among the Iban of Sarawak. The Iban are shifting cultivators who have long been involved in smallholder cash crops.
This paper aims to provide a better understanding of the wood flows from smallholder plantations to industrial buyers in the Binh Dinh and Phu Tho provinces of Vietnam. It describes the actors involved in the market chains, their respective roles, the value added to the wood in the market chain and the distribution of costs and benefits. Various differences between the two provinces exist. In Binh Dinh, wood flows are relatively direct and the market price information is transparent. There are various end-buyers but most are buying bark-clean logs.
Since 2000, US$ 2.0-2.7 billion has been invested in feedstock cultivation for biofuel in 16 forest-rich countries, mostly in oil palm and sugarcane. An additional US$ 5.7-6.7 billion has been invested in biofuel production, especially sugar-based ethanol. While investments in some countries are driven by domestic policies to reduce fossil fuel imports, most are export driven. Sugar-based ethanol offers more opportunities to capture value added than biodiesel feedstocks which are amenable to export and processing abroad.
In recent years, in line with China’s Going Out strategy announced in 2000, China’s overseas investment activities have increased greatly and at increasing rates. By the end of 2009, the total value of China’s outward foreign direct investment had reached US$5.6 billion. Policies have played strong supporting roles in bringing about this trend by facilitating and encouraging Chinese companies to make overseas investments. This working paper summarises these policies based on an analysis of policy changes over time and identifies the main drivers of these changes.
In this 2012 edition of Moving Forward, FAO Forestry is pleased to present a selection of the work it undertook in the 2010-2011 biennium for the benefit of the global forestry community. The FAO Forestry Programme encompasses a vast range of activities and projects, of which this booklet presents only a sample. In all regions of the world, the Programme is helping to implement sustainable forest management and boost the livelihoods of forest-dependent people. It does this, in part, by improving information on forests.
These Regulations, consisting of 26 Articles, are formulated in accordance with the Surveying and Mapping Law of the People's Republic of China, for the purpose of strengthening the protection and management of surveying markers.These Regulations shall be applicable to the surveying markers placed in the territorial air, land and waters of the People's Republic of China, as well as other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China (art.2).
This Executive Development Program for the years 2011-2013 has been launched to complement the previous development programs and to serve as an action plan for the government for the next stage.
This Notification sets forth procedures and principles of the institutions authorized for assessment and rehabilitation of contaminated sites, in accordance with the Regulation regarding point source land pollution and soil contamination control. Furthermore, this Notification sets forth provisions on the Committee authorized to issue the qualification certificate.
The Article 8, 34 and 175 of the Land Law are canceled. Article 172 is amended as: The land value tax shall be levied on the landowner. In the case of any land subject to dien, the said tax shall be paid by the dien-holder. The Article 34-1 is also amended. For the disposal of ownership, or changes of, or setting encumbrance of superficies, agricultural right, servitude of real property, or dien over co-owned land or constructional improvements, the consent of more than half of the Co-owners whose holding of ownership is more than half of the total share shall be required.
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