Cet article situe les débats actuels autour de l’accès genré aux terres collectives au Maroc par rapport à une discussion plus large sur l’héritage colonial et la fabrique du droit coutumier. La construction coloniale de la ‘collectivité ethnique’ et l’institutionnalisation du ‘droit coutumier’ ont préservé la coutume comme catégorie juridique mais elles ont rigidifié son application en l’inscrivant dans le cadre plus général du droit positif.
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Library ResourceJournal Articles & BooksJanuary, 2017Morocco
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchDecember, 2016Latin America and the Caribbean, Guatemala
In Guatemala, a history of discrimination and inequality of opportunity led to a 36-year conflict that finally subsided with a Peace Agreement in 1996. Improvements since then have prevented a return to conflict and begun to create the conditions for sustained stability. However, the persistence of substantial inequality constitutes a risk factor for future stability and constrains Guatemala’s growth potential. Land distribution is highly unequal. The largest 2.5% of farms occupy nearly two-thirds of agricultural land while 90% of the farms are on only one-sixth of the agricultural land.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchJanuary, 2017Nepal
The 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) is the fifth survey of its kind to be implemented in the country as part of the worldwide Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program. It was implemented by New ERA under the aegis of the Ministry of Health (MOH) of the Government of Nepal with the objective of providing reliable, accurate, and up-to-date data for the country.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchJanuary, 2017Kazakhstan
Cornell International Law Journal: Vol. 50 : No. 1 , Article 2 Kazakhstan ranks consistently low on measures of property rights protection and the rule of law more generally.1 Echoing these evaluations, existing literature emphasizes the degree to which informal institutions shape property relations in personalist, authoritarian regimes, like Kazakhstan. The expectation is that formal institutions like law and courts fail to restrain or otherwise influence state agents’ rent-seeking behavior. In effect, they serve primarily as ornamentation.
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Library ResourcePeer-reviewed publicationDecember, 2016Uzbekistan
The present paper aims to demonstrate how the state land ownership affects development of agricultural sector in Uzbekistan, and what are its strengths and weaknesses. It highlights the importance of secure land right regardless of ownership. Land in Uzbekistan is state-owned; the exclusive state ownership of land was first incorporated in the 1992 Constitution. The official rationale was to ensure food security and social stability; another concern was the state-run irrigation system, operation of which would be hampered in the event of land privatization.
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Library ResourceTraining Resources & ToolsJanuary, 2017Global
The Community Land Protection Initiative provides land rights defenders with the practical skills to support communities to document and protect their indigenous and customary lands. It includes practical how-to videos, blogs and other tools that will help you design interventions to protect community land rights.
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Library Resource
Sector Assessment (Summary): Agriculture And Natural Resources
Policy Papers & BriefsDecember, 2016TajikistanTajikistan’s population is predominantly rural and largely dependent on agriculture. Agriculture accounts for a quarter of Tajikistan’s gross domestic product and export revenues, 39% of tax revenues, and half of total employment. Given the widespread migration of male Tajik workers overseas, women constitute the majority of employees (accounting for 53% of the economically active population in agriculture). Arable land is in short supply at 0.15 hectares (ha) per capita (rising to 0.20 ha per capita for the rural population).
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Library ResourcePeer-reviewed publicationJanuary, 2017Tajikistan
Like that in other post-communist states, Tajikistan’s agricultural decollectivization was initiated through top-down measures. However, the implementation process has not been uniform across the state’s territory; in some districts collective farms were quickly and thoroughly broken up, while in others the process is just now beginning. In this paper, we investigate spatial variation in Tajikistan’s decollectivization process.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchDecember, 2016Afghanistan
In Afghanistan, insecurity over land and water rights hampers investments in food production and irrigation. In rural areas, customary tenure systems, partly based on religious law, are the most relevant but suffer from weak recognition and offer little protection to rights holders. The land policy reform is on-going but remains slow. Moreover, land administration capacity is weak and improvements mostly take place in urban areas. In this context, land disputes are common and often violent.
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Library ResourcePolicy Papers & BriefsJanuary, 2017Pakistan
This note provides country of origin information (COI) and policy guidance to Home Office decision makers on handling particular types of protection and human rights claims. This includes whether claims are likely to justify the granting of asylum, humanitarian protection or discretionary leave and whether – in the event of a claim being refused – it is likely to be certifiable as ‘clearly unfounded’ under s94 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002.
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