This guidance paper focuses on issues that the governments of developing countries may wish to consider if they adopt a policy to tax such transfers. In doing so, it examines and provides the language of the legislative and regulatory provisions employed by countries that have adopted such a policy to tax, and comments on the pros and cons of these provisions.
The future belongs to youth. But in many parts of the world, young women and men lack the means and the opportunity to build livelihoods and fully participate in their communities. This is especially true in rural areas, where agriculture is the foundation of the economy, but land rights remain out of reach.
Consider the case of sub-Saharan Africa, where an estimated 10-12 million young people enter the workforce each year, but only 4 million new jobs are created, leaving the majority of young workers either unemployed or settling for menial and informal work.
The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights is developing a general comment on Land and Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). The purpose of this general comment is to clarify the specific obligations of States parties relating to land and the governance of tenure of land under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
This brochure briefly summarizes the systematic approach of the Global Programme Responsible Land Policy implemented by the German Development Cooperation Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), and provides examples.
The GLTN Gender Strategy (2019-2030) provides a framework for designing land tenure and governance interventions around women’s and girls’ land and property rights. It affirms our commitment and motivates our partners to do more to secure land and property rights for women and girls. It underpins the centrality of gender equality in resource sharing and allocation, including land as a productive resource for women and girls.
This brochure presents the approach and core activities of GIZ Global Program on Responsible Land Policy (GPRLP). The GPRLP is active in Benin, Ethiopia, Laos, Madagascar, Paraguay, Peru and Uganda. In each country, a context specific approach in line with the global GPRLP concept aims at improving the access to land as a core condition for combating poverty and hunger in rural areas for specific population groups, particularly women and socially marginalised groups.
Land is a key economic resource inextricably linked to access to, use of and control over other economic and productive resources. Recognition of this, and the increasing stress on land from the world’s growing population and changing climate, has driven demand for strengthening tenure security for all. This has created the need for a core set of land indicators that have national application and global comparability, which culminated in the inclusion of indicators 1.4.2 and 5.a.1 in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) agenda.
“Landscape approaches” seek to provide tools and concepts for allocating and managing land to achieve social, economic, and environmental objectives in areas where agriculture, mining, and other productive land uses compete with environmental and biodiversity goals. Here we synthesize the current consensus on landscape approaches. This is based on published literature and a consensus-building process to define good practice and is validated by a survey of practitioners.
The paper highlights the fast changes in understanding and conceptualizing the complex topic of land governance, its multi-facetted aspects and inter-linkages to other thematic sectors. Major policy developments, such as state divestiture and increasing private investment into land, and a stronger and more influential role of Civil Society Organizations are addressed in more detail. Capacity development at all levels (e. g. academic, administrative, community, private investors) is identified to be essential for good and transparent governance in the sector.
The USAID's Investor Survey on Land Rights aimed to provide a more systematic understanding of the drivers of tenure risk to land-based investments from the perspective of the private sector, and of how investors and operators assess, mitigate and are affected by such risks. The findings from the survey will provide readers with useful insights into the current treatment of land tenure risks in land-based investments.
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