Au Maroc, l’intérêt porté au thème des communs est assez récent même si, traditionnellement, l’accès aux ressources partagées était régulé par des principes communautaires issus des règles coutumières (orf) et/ou des normes du droit islamique (chraa) (Lazarev, 2005 ; Rachik, 2016). La gestion collective des ressources agrosylvopastorales s’inscrit dans la longue histoire de la paysannerie marocaine, où les communautés humaines, structurées en tribus, jouissaient durant la période précoloniale d’une relative autonomie de décision par rapport à l’État central (makhzen).
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Showing items 1 through 9 of 104.-
Library ResourceJournal Articles & BooksJanuary, 2018Morocco
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Library Resource
Peri-urban market gardening centrifugal dynamics in Lomé (Togo) in response to land pressure
Journal Articles & BooksJanuary, 2017TogoCette étude, menée à l’est de la ville de Lomé (capitale et plus grande ville du Togo), met en évidence la dynamique spatiale des cultures maraîchères en réponse à la pression foncière. Des images satellitaires TerraMetrics des archives Google Earth des années 2002, 2008 et 2014 ont été retenues pour l’analyse de l’évolution des périmètres maraîchers. Une enquête de terrain fondée sur des questionnaires semi-structurés a été menée pour identifier les stratégies des maraîchers. Les coordonnées géographiques des points d’observation ont été relevées à l’aide d’un capteur GPS.
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Library Resource
Pratiques culturales et durabilité
Peer-reviewed publicationJuly, 2017GabonAu Gabon, le rôle du maraîchage périurbain est essentiel à l'approvisionnement des villes en légumes frais, notamment à Libreville et Owendo. Lors d'une enquête menée dans trois périmètres maraîchers, un état des lieux a été réalisé sur les caractéristiques socio-économiques, la diversité des plantes cultivées et les pesticides utilisés. Les superficies exploitées vont de 0,08 ha à 0,4 ha par maraîcher selon les sites. Les exploitants interrogés sont à 51 % originaires du Gabon alors que 40 % sont originaires du Burkina Faso.
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Library ResourcePeer-reviewed publicationAugust, 2017Bhutan
Property rights and management regimes for high-elevation rangelands in Bhutan have evolved over centuries in response to environmental, cultural, and political imperatives. The 2007 Land Act of Bhutan aims to redress historical inequities in property rights by redistributing grazing leases to local livestock owners in a process known as rangeland nationalization.
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Library Resource
Land Use Policy Volume 60
Peer-reviewed publicationJanuary, 2017Bangladesh, United States of America, Southern AsiaChanging dietary preferences and population growth in South Asia have resulted in increasing demand for wheat and maize, along side high and sustained demand for rice. In the highly productive northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia, farmers utilize groundwater irrigation to assure that at least two of these crops are sequenced on the same field within the same year. Such double cropping has had a significant and positive influence on regional agricultural productivity. But in the risk-prone and food insecure lower Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains (EIGP), cropping is less intensive.
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Library Resource
Land Use Policy Volume 66
Peer-reviewed publicationJuly, 2017GlobalEnabling knowledge exchange between scientists and decision-makers is becoming increasingly necessary to promote the development of effective decision-support tools (DSTs) for environmental management. Participation of stakeholders in the design process beyond a basic level of consultation is essential for promoting trust in modelled outputs and accelerating eventual uptake of resulting tools and models by end-user communities. This study outlines the development of a DST to visualise and communicate the spatial and temporal patterns of E.
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Library Resource
Land Use Policy Volume 63
Peer-reviewed publicationApril, 2017United Kingdom, United States of AmericaThe western Corn Belt region of the United States has become a hotspot for agricultural extensification and consequent land use and land cover changes. The goals of this research were to characterize geographic patterns of grassland loss resulting from cropland expansion in the eastern Dakotas, and to understand how these changes were associated with characteristics of individual farms and farm operators. We collected data on grassland conversion and other land use decisions through a mail survey of farm operators in North and South Dakota.
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Library Resource
Land Use Policy Volume 70
Peer-reviewed publicationJanuary, 2018United States of AmericaThis paper develops a framework for improved mainstreaming of ecosystem science in policy and decision-making within a spatial planning context. Ecosystem science is advanced as a collective umbrella to capture a body of work and approaches rooted in social-ecological systems thinking, spawning a distinctive ecosystem terminology: ecosystem approach, ecosystem services, ecosystem services framework and natural capital.
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Library Resource
Land Use Policy Volume 70
Peer-reviewed publicationJanuary, 2018MadagascarWhere rights over natural resources are contested, the effectiveness of conservation may be undermined and it can be difficult to estimate the welfare impacts of conservation restrictions on local people. In particular, researchers face the dilemma of estimating respondents’ Willingness To Pay (WTP) for rights to resources, or their Willingness To Accept (WTA) compensation for foregoing these rights.
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Library Resource
Land Use Policy Volume 64
Peer-reviewed publicationMay, 2017United KingdomA series of approaches have been proposed for natural resource management and biodiversity conservation in recent decades. In the important forestry sector, two of the most dominant policy paradigms have been multi-purpose forestry and sustainable forest management. The Convention on Biological Diversity, amongst other transnational commitments, added the ecosystem approach and its related idea of ecosystem services to this succession which is increasingly becoming the basis for natural resource management, including in the United Kingdom (UK).
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