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Showing items 1 through 9 of 13.
  1. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    June, 2006
    Afghanistan

    Jusqu'en 1978, l'État afghan était faible mais stable. En revanche, il avait
    toujours été accompagné par un ordre rural solide. L'effondrement ne se produisit que lorsque eut lieu une tentative d'édification d'un État fort sans consultation de la population rurale, sur la base d'idéologies étrangères et sous l'influence de l'armée. Même si l'État central a parfois fait défaut, de nombreuses institutions publiques ont démontré une surprenante capacité de survie dans les provinces, au point que de larges pans de la population avaient

  2. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    June, 2006
    Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Somalia

    Afghanistan, Sierra Leone et Somalie : ces trois pays sont des États fragiles ayant des antécédents différents. L'auteur de cet article analyse ces exemples afin d'identifier les causes de leur situation, par exemple le rôle des identités ethniques, la revendication du pouvoir par des clans et d'autres groupes sousétatiques ou l'insuffisance de la représentation de la société au sein des gouvernements. Il estime que le plus grand danger pour un État est la violence qui peut rapidement déstabiliser un État faible et le précipiter dans le chaos.

  3. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    June, 2010
    Asia

    Les pays en développement d'Asie doivent faire face à l'année la plus difficile depuis la crise financière de 1997/1998. L'effondrement du commerce mondial suite à la crise économique globale a été lourd de conséquences pour les industries manufacturières de la région. Les ménages ruraux ont particulièrement souffert de ce recul en raison de la perte d'emplois hors du secteur agricole. Une action rapide des décideurs politiques de la région est nécessaire afin d'atténuer les conséquences de la crise, les incitations fiscales pouvant jouer un rôle important à cet égard.

  4. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    July, 2009
    India

    Water is scarce in India's semiarid zones of Rajasthan. Climate change is putting additional pressure on the rare resources. Irregular or no rainfall forces many small farmers to abandon their fields, at least temporarily, and seek work in the towns. Participative water management projects as practiced in Bhipur village, growing crops with low water requirements and more sustainable farming practices are adaptation strategies that allow farmers to continue their activities despite climate risks.

  5. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    January, 2008
    China, India

    The early development strategies of both China and India were urban- and industry-focused, discounting the importance of rural development. Despite sweeping reforms in both countries, the urban bias and subsequent spatial disparities still exist today. In order to reduce poverty and increase growth, developing countries need to correct these spatial disparities through a set of policies that take advantage of the synergies and linkages between rural and urban areas.

  6. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    January, 2008
    Afghanistan

    Six years after the fall of the Taliban, Afghanistan is a long way from political stability and economic progress. The decline of state influence continues, especially in rural areas; because of the security situation, aid organisations are drastically cutting back their programmes and military considerations are taking on overriding importance.

  7. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    Afghanistan

    Until 1978, the Afghan state was weak but stable. In contrast, rural regulatory structures that complemented the state have always been strong. It was only the attempt to establish a strong state on the basis of foreign ideologies and military over the heads of the rural population that ultimately led to chaos and collapse.Whereas the central state sometimes broke down, many state
    institutions in the provinces demonstrated remarkable resilience, leading to a definite nation-state consciousness throughout large sections of the population.

  8. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    February, 2006
    Asia

    Rural livelihoods are far more multi-locational than is often assumed with many rural people spending a part of the year outside the village working in non-farm occupations. Contrary to early theory, persistent circular or seasonal migration within countries or between neighbouring countries is emerging as the migration pattern of the poor. Nowhere is this more evident than in Asia.

  9. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    January, 2011
    China

    In today’s China, about 220 million rural migrant workers are on the move – this is more than two thirds of the US population – and their number is set to increase in the course of the country’s urbanisation process. At a rate of 47 percent, still below global average, and against the backdrop of a marked rural-urban divide, urbanisation is not only an effect of rapid economic development, but also forms part of the Chinese government’s economic development strategy.

  10. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    January, 2011
    Bangladesh

    The debate about the e? ects of migration is still centred on economic aspects. However, the return of migrants also changes the society and cultures of their country of origin. These changes are particularly pronounced where women have emigrated and return to their communities after several years’ absence.

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