A l’instar de la plupart des pays sahéliens, l’économie sénégalaise reste encore très dépendante de l’agriculture. Celle-ci peut être décomposée en trois volets dont l’importance varie d’une zone écogéographique à une autre. Dans les zones comme la vallée du fleuve Sénégal, elle a cédé un peu le pas à l’agriculture irriguée, à la riziculture et à la culture légumière introduite par la puissance coloniale.
Mauritania is a highly centralized Islamic republic with a president as head of state. The legislative function is exercised by the Senate and National Assembly, the former consisting of representatives chosen indirectly by municipal councilors and the latter directly elected by the voters. The legislative bodies were weak relative to the executive. The election of Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz as president
While there is no right to land codified in international human rights law, the Convention for the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), provides for women’s right to own and inherit property without discrimination on the basis of sex. Afghanistan ratified CEDAW in 2003, without reservations. CEDAW (Article 14) also calls for rural women to have equal access to economic opportunities, to credit and loans, social security programs, and to adequate living conditions, including access to housing.
The economic dimension of desertification, land degradation and drought (DLDD) is increasingly gaining importance.
For this reason, the UNCCD has launched an initiative to help make the economic side of desertification, land degradation and drought (DLDD) an integral part of policy strategies and decision-making. An important step in this direction was the Partnership meeting on the Assessment of the »Economics of Desertification, Land Degradation and Drought« ( EDLDD), held December 14 – 15, 2010.
O estabelecimento centralizado das áreas protegidas diprivou muitas comunidades rurais das suas actividades de subsistência e estratégias de sobrevivência dependentes do uso dos recursos florestais (Fabricius et al. 2004; Weladji et al. 2003; Katerere, 2002; Ghimire & Pimbert, 2000). Perderam a terra e foram reassentadas (Webb, 2002; Koch, 2000; Reid et al. 1999), a caça de subsistência foi tornada ilegal (Fabricius et al. 2004).
A economia moçambicana tem sido dominada pelo Investimento Directo Estrangeiro (IDE), nos últimos anos, em grande parte destinado ao sector minero-energético. Os empreendimentos desse sector, que no geral têm recebido investimentos iniciais não inferiores a USD 500.000 (quinhentos mil dólares americanos) são definidos como mega projectos.
O Centro Terra Viva – Estudos e Advocacia Ambiental (CTV) é uma instituição não governamental moçambicana que trabalha na área de Advocacia Ambiental e Boa Governação, cujos objectivos principais são: promover maior justiça, equidade e sustentabilidade no uso e aproveitamento de recursos naturais, com maior incidência para o sectores de terra, florestas, pesca e turismo e influenciar na criação de mecanismos de avaliação e desempenho da legislação ambiental e monitorar a responsabilidade social do Estado e do sector privado.
This reviews the literature on decentralised land governance in Southern Africa, highlighting key issues and challenges of ‘land governance from below’.
This paper analyzes the implications of copper mining in Zambia on customary rights to land and forests, and the societal stakes associated with foreign investment in the mining industry. Copper mining affects forests, and in turn the people with customary rights to those forests, in a number of direct and indirect ways, from deforestation during green site development and selective harvesting of timber to the significant but indirect pressures over forests through infrastructure development and the population pull effect of mining towns.
This appendix takes output from the production and investment model and sets out further detail on the development profiles of each of the six clusters, providing projections of on-farm investment, last mile infrastructure, and necessary supporting agriculture and backbone infrastructure. From this, it details the resulting gross revenue and developmental impact of that investment
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