Duas posições opostas apresentam os trabalhadores agrícolas alentejanos ou como incapazes de participar em associações formais ou como “revolucionários naturais”. Partindo do caso de Baleizão, com particular referência à Reforma Agrária da década de 70, argumenta-se que ambas as perspectivas ignoram o pragmatismo associado a conjunturas específicas.
The mountain farmers operate on whole of animals (flocks, herds, working herds) copying models coming surely from the beginning of domestication. The apprenticeship lengthwise of centuries was received as a heritage and they will to enrich through every generational change. Furthermore, in mountain difficulties the commerce do not rise a regulative capacity as on the plains or well communicated regions and therefore the efficiency way is nearly indispensable.
MESMIS methodology (Ridaura et al., 2002) has been tested to assess sustainability of two different commercial flocks within the breeding scheme of the Latxa sheep in the Basque Country. The evaluation is based on technical, economical, environmental and social indicators derived from a SWOT analysis of the system. The assessment has been made by the comparison of two commercial flocks managed under different environmental conditions by means of specific nutrition and reproduction practices.
A survey that gathered information about farm structure, grazing system, feeding and reproductive management was conducted in 181 farms. Parda de Montaña is the main breed regarding cows (92.4%), heifers (95,3%) and calves (84,1%). Bulls belong to Parda de Montaña (65%) breed but also Limusine, Charolaise and Blonde d'Aquitaine. Farms had an average size of 53.6 cows. Feeding depends largely on grazing in different forage resources, from June to October in high mountain ranges, in spring and autumn in natural meadows and forage crops.
Surveys were conducted to 141 farmers registered in the FERPAM at Asturias (A), Cantabria (C) and Castilla and Leon (CL) regions, with the aim to know animal production system characteristics. Racial diversity was high (57.4% of the cows are "Parda de Montaña" (PM) and the 25.2% are cross with other breeds) and only 24.1% of farms have PM pure-breed animals. The average herd size was 32.1 cows in A, 35.3 in C and 64.6 in CL. The 95% of farms are located in mountain areas. The animals are kept indoors 3.7 months/year, as average. The average age of calves weaning was 5.8 months.
This publication is intended to assist anyone involved in the development or implementation of a legal or institutional framework to promote integrated coastal management (ICM). It includes revised versions of some of the information contained in the 1994 FAO publication "Legal and Institutional Aspects of Integrated Coastal Area Management in National Legislation" and the 1998 FAO Publication "Integrated Coastal Area Management and Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries", FAO Guidelines.
En "Estructura y dinámica del dominio de Santo Toribio de Liébana (siglos XIII-XVI)" se trata de explicar las características diferenciales que presenta un dominio monástico del área septentrional de la Península Ibérica. En la primera parte, siglo XIII y principios del siglo XIV, se considera que la pobreza material que ostenta el cenobio, observable en el escaso volumen de la renta y en las sucesivas enajenaciones de bienes efectuadas por sectores jerarquizados locales, es el resultado de la dispar consolidación de las estructuras feudales en el espacio.
Diretrizes de Apoio e Promoção da Agricultura Familiar nos Estados membros da CPLP aprovadas na II Reunião extraordinária do Conselho Regional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional da CPLP (CONSAN-CPLP)
É cada vez mais forte a percepção das populações, de governos e de instituições internacionais de que a humanidade não pode continuar a ser empurrada para o precipício, com as políticas das últimas décadas, de intensificação da produção agropecuária e florestal e o aumento do poder hegemónico de grandes companhias multinacionais da indústria e da distribuição, que controlam a produção e detêm cada vez mais terra, provocando o esgotamento de recursos naturais, acidentes climáticos, pragas e doenças, desertificação de muitas regiões, fome e subnutrição, esvaziamento e asfixia de economias loc
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