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Showing items 1 through 9 of 15.
  1. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    December, 2007

    This report seeks to present micro evidence on how environmental changes affect poor households. It focuses primarily on environmental resources that are outside the private sphere, particularly commonly held and managed resources such as forests, fisheries, and wildlife. The objectives for this volume are three-fold. It is first interested in using an empirical data-driven approach to examine the dependence of the poor on natural resources. The second objective is to examine the role of the environment in determining health outcomes.

  2. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    August, 2007
    India, Southern Asia

    Recognition of the potentially deleterious implications of inequality in opportunity originating in a skewed asset distribution has spawned considerable interest in land reforms. However, little attention has been devoted to fact that, in the longer term, the measures used to implement land reforms could negatively affect productivity. Use of state level data on rental restrictions, together with a nationally representative survey from India, suggests that, contrary to original intentions, rental restrictions negatively affect productivity and equity.

  3. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    August, 2007
    India, Southern Asia

    Although opinions on impacts of land market transfers are sharply divided, few studies explore the welfare and productivity effects of land markets on a larger scale. This paper uses a large Indian panel spanning almost 20 years, together with a climatic shock (rainfall) indicator, to assess the productivity and equity effects of market-mediated land transfers (sale and purchase) compared with non-market ones (inheritance). The analysis shows that frequent shocks increase land market activity, an effect that is mitigated by the presence of safety nets and banks.

  4. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2007
    India, Southern Asia

    Recognition of the importance of institutions that provide security of property rights and relatively equal access to economic resources to a broad cross-section of society has renewed interest in the potential of asset redistribution, including land reforms. Empirical analysis of the impact of such policies is, however, scant and often contradictory. This paper uses panel household data from India, together with state-level variation in the implementation of land reform, to address some of the deficiencies of earlier studies.

  5. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2007
    Ethiopia, Africa

    Although a large theoretical literature discusses the possible inefficiency of sharecropping contracts, the empirical evidence on this phenomenon has been ambiguous at best. Household-level fixed-effect estimates from about 8,500 plots operated by households that own and sharecrop land in the Ethiopian highlands provide support for the hypothesis of Marshallian inefficiency. At the same time, a factor adjustment model suggests that the extent to which rental markets allow households to attain their desired operational holding size is extremely limited.

  6. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Training Resources & Tools
    December, 2007
    Nepal, Southern Asia

    The main objective of the Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) in Nepal is to identify opportunities for enhancing the overall performance of select environmental management systems through improvements in the effectiveness of institutions, policies, and processes.

  7. Library Resource

    Pathways, Synergies and Outcomes

    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2007

    The report seeks to analyze what has been learned about how agricultural interventions influence nutrition outcomes in low-and middle-income countries, focusing on the target populations of the millennium development goals-people living on less than a dollar a day. It also sets out to synthesize lessons from past efforts to improve the synergies between agriculture and nutrition outcomes. The report identifies a number of developments in agriculture and nutrition that have transformed the context in which nutrition is affected by agriculture.

  8. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Training Resources & Tools
    December, 2007
    Tanzania, Africa

    The Government of Tanzania is committed to supporting women entrepreneurs with both policy and practical support. The Government of Tanzania has made impressive strides in supporting women entrepreneurs, and its policies reflect a commitment to advancing women. The Ministry of Industry, Trade, and Marketing, which commissioned this report, has established special initiatives to reach out to women, and government supported organizations such as the Small Industries Development Organization (SIDO) have been working to empower women entrepreneurs through training and access to credit.

  9. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Training Resources & Tools
    December, 2007
    Ghana, Africa

    This study presents an assessment of the role of gender in economic growth in Ghana with emphasis on constraints to enterprise operations, investment, and growth among women owned firms. Anecdotal evidence suggests that women own up to a third of businesses in Africa, and that this represents a significant source for scaling up economic growth in such countries. In Ghana, women make up about 50.1 percent of the entire labor force and are mostly involved in micro enterprises and the retail trade.

  10. Library Resource

    Technical Note

    Reports & Research
    Training Resources & Tools
    March, 2007
    Uzbekistan, Europe, Central Asia

    The Government of Uzbekistan has adopted an important series of initiatives to create a market-based housing finance system, yet recognizes that there remains much work to be done. This note provides guidance on the themes that were discussed with authorities and industry participants during mission to Uzbekistan on November 6-16, 2006 and February 22 to March 2, 2007. The note is based on missions conducted in 2006 and 2007 by Britt Gwinner, FPDSF, and Michael Borish, a review of government documents, and a review of studies conducted by other multilateral institutions.

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