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Showing items 1 through 9 of 388.
  1. Library Resource
    Food Security and COVID-19
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    June, 2021
    Kenya, Angola, Chad, Liberia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Guatemala, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Pakistan, Global

    June 4, 2021 -- An increasing number of countries are facing growing levels of acute food insecurity, reversing years of development gains. Even before COVID-19 reduced incomes and disrupted supply chains, chronic and acute hunger were on the rise due to various factors including conflict, socio-economic conditions, natural hazards, climate change and pests. COVID-19 impacts have led to severe and widespread increases in global food insecurity, affecting vulnerable households in almost every country, with impacts expected to continue through 2021 and into 2022.

  2. Library Resource

    Sources of Growth in Agriculture for Poverty Reduction and Shared Prosperity

    Reports & Research
    Training Resources & Tools
    December, 2016
    Nepal, Southern Asia

    Agriculture contributes about 35 percent to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Nepal. But growth in the sector has been quite volatile in the last decade, tothe extent that the lowest and highest growth rates were recorded in consecutive years. Nepal agriculture is characterized by relatively low yields compared to neighboring countries. Furthermore,land is disproportionately allocated to grain staples (rice, maize, wheat, millet, barley, and buckwheat),despite fruits and vegetables showing relatively higher yields and higher growth in consumption.

  3. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 2008
    India

    In this paper we examine how slum dwellers value location-based amenities. In most developing country cities, residents living in slums have poor-quality dwellings and limited access to basic public services and amenities. Using data from Pune, India, we estimate the residential location choices of slum dwellers, which are conditional on housing quality, neighborhood amenities, and community structure. We use these estimates to simulate the impact of alternate interventions on household welfare. We find that households derive benefits from housing quality and neighborhood amenities.

  4. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Training Resources & Tools
    February, 2008
    Afghanistan, Southern Asia

    This report is about how to progressively reduce over time Afghanistan's dependence on opium - currently the country's leading economic activity - by development initiatives and shifting economic incentives toward sustainable legal livelihoods. Specifically, the report identifies additional investments and policy and institutional measures to support development responses that can counterbalance the economic advantages of opium.

  5. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    August, 2007
    India, Southern Asia

    Recognition of the potentially deleterious implications of inequality in opportunity originating in a skewed asset distribution has spawned considerable interest in land reforms. However, little attention has been devoted to fact that, in the longer term, the measures used to implement land reforms could negatively affect productivity. Use of state level data on rental restrictions, together with a nationally representative survey from India, suggests that, contrary to original intentions, rental restrictions negatively affect productivity and equity.

  6. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    August, 2007
    India, Southern Asia

    Although opinions on impacts of land market transfers are sharply divided, few studies explore the welfare and productivity effects of land markets on a larger scale. This paper uses a large Indian panel spanning almost 20 years, together with a climatic shock (rainfall) indicator, to assess the productivity and equity effects of market-mediated land transfers (sale and purchase) compared with non-market ones (inheritance). The analysis shows that frequent shocks increase land market activity, an effect that is mitigated by the presence of safety nets and banks.

  7. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2007
    India, Southern Asia

    Recognition of the importance of institutions that provide security of property rights and relatively equal access to economic resources to a broad cross-section of society has renewed interest in the potential of asset redistribution, including land reforms. Empirical analysis of the impact of such policies is, however, scant and often contradictory. This paper uses panel household data from India, together with state-level variation in the implementation of land reform, to address some of the deficiencies of earlier studies.

  8. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Training Resources & Tools
    December, 2007
    Nepal, Southern Asia

    The main objective of the Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) in Nepal is to identify opportunities for enhancing the overall performance of select environmental management systems through improvements in the effectiveness of institutions, policies, and processes.

  9. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Training Resources & Tools
    June, 2006
    Pakistan, Southern Asia

    This note provides a short overview of urban land and housing market performance in Punjab Province of Pakistan. It describes the characteristics of well-functioning urban land and housing markets and argues that, at present, the Punjab's urban land and housing markets are not performing well. The paper identifies a range of structural and institutional shortcomings that impede urban land market performance, and then concludes by offering recommendations for making land and housing markets functions better.

  10. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    June, 2009
    Africa, Eastern Asia, Oceania, Southern Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean

    This paper examines the poverty impacts of global merchandise trade reform by looking at a wide range of developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Overall, the authors find that trade reform tends to reduce poverty primarily through the inclusion of agricultural components. The majority of developing country sample experiences small poverty increases from non-agricultural reforms.

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