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Showing items 1 through 9 of 9.
  1. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    December, 2011
    Egypt, Bangladesh, Honduras, Chile, Guatemala, China, Indonesia, Bulgaria, Ghana, Malawi, Pakistan, Colombia, Panama, Nepal, Nicaragua, Vietnam, Albania, Madagascar, Tanzania, Ecuador, India, Mexico, Brazil

    This paper explores a 15-country household data base to evaluate the impact of three key assets (land, education and infrastructure) on rural poverty. Using both a descriptive analysis and a quadratic probit model, with the probability of being poor as a function of these three assets, the paper concludes that household access to education and infrastructure are positively associated with higher incomes, while the impact of land holdings varies across countries. Also, this paper shows the importance of the complementarities among assets in their poverty alleviating potential.

  2. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 2013
    Serbia, Slovenia, North Macedonia, Slovakia, Lithuania, Armenia, Croatia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Moldova, Albania, Montenegro, Poland, Germany, Georgia, Romania, Czech Republic, Eastern Europe

    The countries in Central and Eastern Europe began a remarkable transition from a centrally-planned economy towards a market economy in 1989 when the Berlin Wall fell and the Iron Curtain lifted. Land reforms with the objective to privatize state-owned agricultural land, managed by large-scale collective and state farms, were high on the political agenda in most countries of the region at the beginning of the transition. More than 20 years later the stage of implementation of land reform varies.

  3. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 2002
    Slovenia, France, North Macedonia, Slovakia, United States of America, Sweden, Denmark, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Canada, Republic of Korea, Japan, Hungary, Moldova, Albania, Italy, Poland, India, Czech Republic, Georgia, Armenia, Greece, Eastern Europe, Central Asia

    This guide on Rural property tax systems in Central and Eastern Europe has been prepared to support governments in the design and implementation of systems to raise revenues at local levels. An increasing number of countries are introducing policies to decentralize the provision of rural services but very often local levels of government have insufficient funds to carry out these newly decentralized responsibilities. Raising revenues through property taxes on rural land represents one way to improve the capacity of local levels to deliver services.

  4. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 2001
    Serbia, Slovenia, North Macedonia, Slovakia, Lithuania, Croatia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Moldova, Albania, Armenia, Poland, Germany, Georgia, Romania, Czech Republic, Europe

    The former socialist countries of Eastern Europe (that is, Europe east of Germany and west of the Urals, but including all of Russia) began a transition to a market economy in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s. This paper looks at one aspect of that transition: the transition from state ownership to private ownership of agricultural land and the accompanying transition to a land market for agricultural land.

  5. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    January, 2015
    Serbia, Slovenia, North Macedonia, Slovakia, Lithuania, Croatia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Moldova, Albania, Montenegro, Poland, Russia, Germany, Georgia, Romania, Czech Republic, Eastern Europe

    This paper reviews the experiences of introducing land consolidation and land banking instruments in Central and Eastern Europe, largely to address the structural problems of small and fragmented farms. The introduction has been uneven with some countries having established operational programmes while others have taken steps with differing levels of success, and a few have not taken action. The paper assesses the driving factors for the introduction and the approaches used in individual countries.

  6. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    December, 2010
    Georgia, Europe, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, United Kingdom, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland

    FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and other development partners are working together with countries to prepare Voluntary Guidelines that will provide practical guidance to states, civil society, the private sector, donors and development specialists on the responsible governance of tenure. By setting out principles and internationally accepted standards for responsible practices, the Voluntary Guidelines will provide a framework and point of reference that stakeholders can use when developing their own policies and actions.

  7. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 1996
    Slovenia, Estonia, Switzerland, Lithuania, Hungary, Croatia, Albania, Poland, Bulgaria, Latvia, Czech Republic, Finland, Romania, Slovakia, Europe

    Perhaps the most important socio-economic and political development in Europe between the time of ETTS IV and that of ETTS V was the start of the process of transition for the former centrally planned economies to a market economy system. The changes to every part of these countries' society and institutions are profound and sometimes painful. The forest and forest products sector is no exception.

  8. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 2012
    Sudan, Kenya, South Sudan, Kazakhstan, China, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Ukraine, Lithuania, United Kingdom, Albania, Italy

    The Land Tenure Journal is a peer-reviewed, open-access flagship journal of the Climate, Energy and Tenure Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The Land Tenure Journal, launched in early 2010, is a successor to the Land Reform, Land Settlement and Co-operatives, which was published between 1964 and 2009. The Land Tenure Journal is a medium for the dissemination of quality information and diversified views on land and natural resources tenure.

  9. Library Resource
    Conference Papers & Reports
    December, 2002
    Hungary, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania

    Present-day Central and Eastern European agriculture is characterized by a high incidence of small-scale farmers who are not producing for the market. This paper uses household level data from comparative farm surveys in Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania to analyze which farm household characteristics and endowments influence commercialization and subsistence farming.

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