The constitution of Kenya 2010 established a devolved system of governance with 47 County governments. The constitution in schedule four also transfers service delivery in health, water and agriculture sector among other functions to county governments.
Devolution is one form of decentralization. Decentralization is defined as the process of dispersing power from the centre to lower levels of government. The other forms of decentralization include de-concentration, delegation and privatization. De-concentration transfers implementation powers to lower regions or sub- national units that implement decisions made at the centre. The responsibility for service delivery and decision making under delegation is passed to semiindependent territorial or sub-national units.
This handbook provides reference material for stakeholders in devolved governance, including policy makers at the county level and citizens, on social accountability and its relevance in devolved governance and the attainment of the objects of Kenya’s devolution as highlighted in Article 174 of the Constitution of Kenya 2010.
Meaningful citizen participation in governance is a key ingredient for public reforms that were instituted by the Constitution of Kenya (CoK) 2010. Article 1 (1) of the Constitution vests all sovereign power to the people of Kenya. This power can be expressed through direct participation or indirectly through elected representatives. In addition, various pieces of legislations anchoring devolution highlight the principles of citizen participation. Together, these constitutional and legislative provisions avail various platforms for citizen participation in devolved governance.
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