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Library Resource

Ownership and use of farmland Act.

Legislation
Bulgaria, Eastern Europe, Europe
farmland
public ownership
farmers
farming systems
land tenure systems
land ownership
The Law consists of 33 articles and is divided into four Chapters: General provisions (1); The Citizens' land (2); Lands belonging to the State, municipalities, cooperative farms and other legal persons (3); and Land property authorities (4).The Law regulates the ownership and use of agricultural lands. With the exception of game reserves and other nature protected areas with national and international significance, ownership is returned to owners whose land was taken under the April 1946 Law of landownership.
Library Resource

Decree of the president on measures for deepening of land and agrarian reform in the Kyrghyz Republic.

Regulations
Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Asia, Central Asia
farming systems
land ownership
farmers
This Decree contains a series of considerations and rules pertinent to land and agrarian reform and the allocation of land shares to citizens living and working in rural areas in kolkhozes and sovkhozes. Tasks of central and local authorities in this respect are formulated. It is determined that the citizens of the Kyrghyz Republic and legal persons of the Kyrgyz Republic enjoy the right to use land shares and sale, exchange, inherit, use as a collateral, rent this right to use land share. The setting up of a land reallocation fund is considered and exchange of land provided for.
Library Resource

Implementation of Decree No. 342 of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan on distribution of 50.000 hectares of land for personal use of the population.

Regulations
Russia, Tajikistan, Asia, Central Asia
farming systems
farmland
farmers
New land shall be distributed for personal use so that the total amount of land for personal use and irrigated additional land ads up to seventeen percent of the total of arable land. Before allocation of land, the local entities mentioned in article 2 shall monitor and register the existing irrigated lands and other data needed for allocation. Priority shall be given to small plots, and land that has not been cultivated for a long time and has a low productivity.
Library Resource

Land Code.

Legislation
Russia, Uzbekistan, Asia, Central Asia
farmland
public ownership
farmers
farming systems
land management
land law
leases
Land is the public property and it shall not be liable to sale, exchange, donation, mortgage except for cases envisaged by the national legislation. Legal persons can manage land parcels on condition of land usufruct, permanent use, temporary use, and lease, while natural persons can manage land parcels on condition of lifelong hereditary land tenure, temporary land tenure and lease. Sublease of the plots of land conceded on lease shall be prohibited.
Library Resource

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

International Conventions or Treaties
January, 1979
Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Sao Tome and Principe, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Eswatini, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Haiti, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela, Canada, United States of America, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, China, Japan, Mongolia, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Vietnam, India, Iran, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Ukraine, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom, Croatia, Greece, Italy, North Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Portugal, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau, Cook Islands, Niue, Samoa, Tonga
Land & Gender
gender equity in access to land
land rights
advocacy
farmers
women
The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) - currently ratified by 187 countries - is the only human rights treaty that deals specifically with rural women (Art. 14). Adopted in 1979 by the United Nations Generally Assembly, entered into force in 1981. The Convention defines discrimination against women as follows:
Library Resource

Land reform and farm restructuring in Ukraine

Ukraine
farmers
Under legislation adopted in 1992, Ukrainian law recongnizes private ownership of agricultural land, as well as collective and state ownership. Also in 1992, a program to transfer land from state ownership to collective and individual ownership was initiated on a large scale, along with procedures to restructure collective and state farms. The transfer of land ownership and restructuring of traditional farms create opportunities for private farming to develop in the Ukraine after decades of collective management of agriculture.
Library Resource

2014 Global hunger index: The challenge of hidden hunger

Peer-reviewed publication
Journal Articles & Books
December, 2014
Southern Asia, Northern Africa, Eastern Africa, Western Africa, Eastern Europe, Caribbean, Sub-Saharan Africa, Africa, Asia, South America, India
Land & Food Security
Land, Climate Change & Environment
food security
youth
natural resources management
poverty
property rights
farmers
land
land degradation
climate change
environment
agricultural and rural legislation
water management
waste (abuse)
natural disasters
sustainable land management
With one more year before the 2015 deadline for achieving the Millennium Development Goals, the 2014 Global Hunger Index report offers a multifaceted overview of global hunger that brings new insights to the global debate on where to focus efforts in the fight against hunger and malnutrition. The state of hunger in developing countries as a group has improved since 1990, falling by 39 percent, according to the 2014 GHI.
Library Resource

Land Reform and Farm Restructuring in Transition Countries : The Experience of Bulgaria, Moldova, Azerbaijan, and Kazakhstan

Reports & Research
May, 2007
Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Moldova
decentralization
rural development
land reform
land distribution
rural areas
land ownership
private ownership
farmers
rural population
This paper presents such a stocktaking
of land reform and farm restructuring in four countries
(Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, and Moldova) that have
had particular difficulties with land reform, farm
restructuring, farm performance, or rural poverty. It is
organized by case studies, each of which is designed to
analyze a central conundrum about land reform and farm
restructuring in an individual country. Much of the
Library Resource

Poland - The Functioning of the Labor, Land and Financial Markets : Opportunities and Constraints for Farming Sector Restructuring

August, 2013
Poland
Land & Investments
agriculture
farmers
land use
sustainable development
transaction costs
land markets
This study identifies several factors
that inhibit efficiency improvements in the farming sector,
both in themselves and through the dynamics of their mutual
interaction. The study observes that incentives faced in the
labor market have important implications for the land
structure and, and in many ways, are at the heart of the
problem of low labor productivity in agriculture. The study
finds that, while rural households are increasingly
Library Resource

Moldova - Agricultural Policy Notes : Policy Priorities for Agricultural Development, Volume1. Land

August, 2014
Moldova
Land & Investments
agriculture
farmers
farmers associations
land consolidation
land distribution
land management
land markets
land ownership
land reform
land tenure
land use
landowners
leases
private ownership
property rights
tenants
The objective of this policy note on
land is to assist the Government of Moldova in improving the
effectiveness of land management in agriculture, with a view
to enhancing the sector's contribution to
Moldova's economic growth and poverty reduction
objectives. The note reviews the progress that has been
made to date on land reform in Moldova, and provides
rigorous economic analysis of the impacts of the reforms and