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Showing items 1 through 9 of 42.
  1. Library Resource

    Volume 6 Issue 3

    Peer-reviewed publication
    October, 2017
    Sweden

    During the twenty-first century, large carnivores have increased in human dominated landscapes after being extinct or nearly extinct. This has resulted in increasing numbers of livestock killed by large carnivores. The intent of this paper is to give a land use-historical perspective on the recent livestock–carnivore conflict in boreal Sweden. More specifically we address: (1) depredation risks (livestock killed by carnivores) and (2) local knowledge of how to protect livestock from predation and whether it survived among pastoralists until the present.

  2. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    November, 2017
    Global, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia

    This paper analyzes whether national laws acknowledge indigenous peoples and other rural communities in 100 countries as owners of waters that arise within their lands. Results derive from information collected by LandMark to score the legal status of community land tenure. Findings are positive; half of all countries recognize communities as lawful possessors of water on their lands. Three quarters permit communities to manage the distribution and use of water on their lands.

  3. Library Resource

    Volume 6 Issue 3

    Peer-reviewed publication
    October, 2017
    Global

    Drylands are characterised by patchy vegetation, erodible surfaces and erosive aeolian processes. Empirical and modelling studies have shown that vegetation elements provide drag on the overlying airflow, thus affecting wind velocity profiles and altering erosive dynamics on desert surfaces. However, these dynamics are significantly complicated by a variety of factors, including turbulence, and vegetation porosity and pliability effects. This has resulted in some uncertainty about the effect of vegetation on sediment transport in drylands.

  4. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    October, 2017
    Botswana, Southern Africa, Africa

    The objective of this study was to determine the practicality of using linear body measurement traits to predict live weight of goats and sheep under communal grazing in three districts of Botswana, namely Central, Kweneng, and Kgalagadi. Pairwise (Pearson) correlations were estimated using bodyweight (BW) and morphological trait measurements, namely heart girth (HG), shoulder height (SH), and body condition score (BCS) for a sample of 1447 goats and 588 sheep. These ranged from 0.19 to 0.94 for goats and 0.44 to 0.94 for sheep, and were statistically significant.

  5. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    November, 2017
    Kenya

    In this paper, we present an optimized Machine Learning (ML) algorithm for predicting land suitability for crop (sorghum) production, given soil properties information. We set-up experiments using Parallel Random Forest (PRF), Linear Regression (LR), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), KNN, Gaussian Naïve Bayesian (GNB) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Experiments were evaluated using 10 cross fold validation. We observed that, parallel random forest had a better accuracy of 0.96 and time of execution of 1.7 sec. Agriculture is the main stream of food security.

  6. Library Resource

    Volume 6 Issue 3

    Peer-reviewed publication
    October, 2017
    Global

    The current characteristics of a rural landscape may be better understood if suitable information related to its past is available. The availability of a Geographical Information System (GIS) can enable the analysis of landscape features in relation to several aspects, e.g., the evolution and mutual inter-relation among different ecosystems, the impact and sustainability of human activities, the visual characteristics of a landscape, etc.

  7. Library Resource
    Unpacking the Pacific Urban Agenda: Resilience Challenges and Opportunities cover image
    Peer-reviewed publication
    October, 2017
    Melanesia, Micronesia (region), Micronesia, Polynesia, French Polynesia

    Pacific Island Countries (PICs) are often cited as being the most vulnerable to the future impacts of a changing climate. Furthermore, being located in the ‘Pacific Rim of Fire’, PICs have long been exposed to the impacts of a range of natural and climate-related extreme events—such as earthquakes and cyclones—and are considered to be amongst the most vulnerable countries to natural disasters. The physical vulnerability of Pacific towns and cities is further exaggerated by development deficits, geographical isolation, weak governance, and complex issues of land tenure.

  8. Library Resource

    Land Use Policy Volume 68

    Peer-reviewed publication
    November, 2017
    New Zealand

    Problems in agriculture and land use are increasingly recognised as complex, uncertain, operating at multiple levels (field to global value chains) and involving social, economic, institutional, and technological change. This has implications for how projects navigate complexity to achieve impact. However, few studies have systematically evaluated how project actors engage with other actors to configure capabilities and resources across multiple levels in agricultural innovation systems (AIS), from the individual to the network, to mobilise and build systemic innovation capacity.

  9. Library Resource

    Volume 6 Issue 3

    Peer-reviewed publication
    October, 2017
    United States of America

    Pollinators provide critical ecosystems services vital to the production of numerous crops in the United States’ agricultural sector. However, the U.S. is witnessing a serious decline in the abundance and diversity of domestic and wild pollinators, which threatens U.S. food security. In response, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has created the Pollinator Habitat Initiative (CP-42) to induce landowners to create quality habitat for pollinators by planting beneficial crops and wildflowers on Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)-eligible land.

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