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Showing items 1 through 9 of 58.
  1. Library Resource
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2001
    Cambodia

    ABSTRACTED FROM THE OBJECTIVES: This paper aims to identify, scrutinise and comment upon the quality and adequacy of different existing large data sets (available from government ministries, international organisations, research institutions and so forth) that contain information on land use, tenure and related issues. It then analyses these data to establish linkages between standards of living/poverty and landholding.

  2. Library Resource

    economics, indicators and environmental externalities in a Costa Rican watershed

    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2001
    Central America, Northern America, Costa Rica

    The worsening degradation of natural resources urgently requires the adoption of more sustainable management practices. This need has led to growing interest and investment in monitoring systems for tracking the condition of natural resources. This study is concerned with the design of monitoring systems that have direct relevance for the management of natural resources. We call these Policy Relevant Monitoring Systems (PRMS). Such systems have several key characteristics.

  3. Library Resource

    evolution of land tenure institutions in Western Ghana and Sumatra

    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2001
    Western Africa, South-Eastern Asia, Africa, Asia, Indonesia, Ghana

    This research report examines three questions that are central to IFPRI research: How do property-rights institutions affect efficiency and equity? How are resources allocated within households? Why does this matter from a policy perspective? As part of a larger multicountry study on property rights to land and trees, this study focuses on the evolution from customary land tenure with communal ownership toward individualized rights, and how this shift affects women and men differently.This study’s key contribution is its multilevel econometric analysis of efficiency and equity issues.

  4. Library Resource
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2001

    Since the late 1980s, Mexico has liberalized its agricultural sector, moving from a system of price supports, producer subsidies and consumer subsidies to a less distorting scheme in which market forces play a greater role. Coinciding with these agrarian and food policy reforms, the government has implemented the PROCAMPO system of direct payments to farmers. There is a general consensus that a direct payment program has the potential to be more efficient than a system of subsidies and supports.

  5. Library Resource

    institutions and evidence of agroforestry technology adoption

    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2001
    Southern Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Africa, Mozambique

    Successful adoption of natural resource management technologies requires that important fundamentals of property rights be established. Because disputes over property rights occur universally, the ability to successfully defend one's rights to property exercises a central influence on the tenure security necessary for technology adoption. However, defending rights to property rests upon the possession of evidence that is readily available and widely regarded as legitimate.

  6. Library Resource
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2001
    Sub-Saharan Africa, Africa, Ethiopia

    This paper investigates the impacts of population growth, market access, agricultural credit and technical assistance programs, land policies, livelihood strategies and other factors on changes in land management, natural resource conditions and human welfare indicators since 1991 in the northern Ethiopian highlands, based on a survey of 198 villages. We find that population growth has contributed significantly to land degradation, poverty and food insecurity in this region.

  7. Library Resource

    causes and implications

    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2001
    Eastern Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Africa, Uganda

    This paper investigates the patterns and determinants of change in livelihood strategies ("development pathways" ), land management practices, agricultural productivity, resource and human welfare conditions in Uganda since 1990, based upon a community- level survey conducted in 107 villages.

  8. Library Resource
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2001
    Western Asia, Northern Africa, Syrian Arab Republic

    Arid shrub-lands in Syria and elsewhere in West Asia and North Africa are widely thought degraded. Characteristic of these areas is a preponderance of unpalatable shrubs or a lack of overall ground cover with a rise in the associated risks of soil erosion. Migrating pastoralists have been the scapegoats for this condition of the range. State steppe interventions of the last forty years have reflected this with programs to supplant customary systems with structures and institutions promoting western grazing systems and technologies.

  9. Library Resource

    a comparative study of agrarian communities in Africa and Asia

    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 2001
    South-Eastern Asia, Asia, Africa, Vietnam

    The devastating environmental effects of deforestation and the exploitation of other natural resources in the developing world have been well documented, yet their impact on local communities has received far less attention. This report looks at how land degradation and deforestation are being addressed at the local level, where households have experienced the reduction of farm size and the decline of natural resources. Through a comparison of Asia and Africa, the evolution of land tenure institutions within diverse cultural, natural, and policy environments is examined.

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