This Act sets out the legislative framework related to mountain territories ands their management. In particular, the Act deals with subsidies to be granted for the improvement of such territories, particularly as regards the management of sylvopastoral resources. Further provisions concern the expropriation procedures to be applied, the institutional framework and the procedures for adopting the reclamation plan.
The purpose of the present Act is to establish a public intervention scheme for the rational exploitation of environmental resources. The scope of this plan is remediation and restoration of polluted sites involving marine areas, lakes and rivers. The Ministry of Health shall start the plan, together with the Regions, in national interest sites and in industrial areas (art. 1). Incentives and financial contribution shall be given to industries and industry consortia interested in the research and development of new rehabilitation technologies.
This Act puts into effect the Convention on the protection of the Alps of 7 November 1991. Moreover, article 3 describes the institutional framework which shall be involved in the effective implementation of the Convention. The Ministry of the Environment shall ensure the implementation of the Convention in cooperation with the competent Ministries, according to the specific related Protocols, and in collaboration with the Central Government-Regions Counsel set up for the Alpine area.
With a view to effecting the environmental protection of the bed of rivers and lakes, which dry up and become exposed as a result of a natural or man-made change in the former course of the river or surface of the lake, the statute reverses the rules governing ownership of newly-exposed river or lake beds (called riveraine and lacustrine "appurtenances"), which henceforth shall accrue to the State in lieu of the owners of riparian or coastal land.
This Act consists of 6 articles regulating the acquisition of small rural estates through usucapion. As provided for in article 2, the provisions contained in article 1159-bis of the Civil Code relating to usucapion shall apply to agricultural lands as well. Article 3 defines the procedure for obtaining the recognition of ownership rights. The occupant shall resort to the competent Judge submitting the documentation and evidence referred to in article 3, paragraph 1.
This Act lays down provisions relating to agrarian contracts, giving particular regard to lease and sharecropping. The Act is divided into three different Titles. Title I regulates lease of agricultural lands and sets out detailed rules in matter of duration (the minimum duration is up to fifteen years), tacit renewal, withdrawal and annulment. Article 8 lays down rules for determining the fair rent. Title II of the Act deals with the conversion of lease into other contracts, such as sharecropping. Article 49 (Title III) provides for the transmission of rights on lands to heirs.
Despite its title, this landmark statute provides the mechanisms for the implementation of a policy of integrated management of land and allied water resources, primarily in a non-urban context, and the institutional arrangements needed to administer and operate such mechanisms (sect. 1). It was enacted largely in response to the state of divided and compartmentalized responsibilities of the central, regional, and local governments in the management of the above-mentioned natural resources.
In accordance with articles 44 and 129 of the Constitution, this Act pursues the development of mountain areas by encouraging the participation of local communities (by creating Mountain Communities) in the drafting and implementation of development programmes and territorial plans relevant to their respective mountain districts. For this purpose, the Act boosts the removal of socio-economic imbalance and inequities between mountain areas and national territories other than mountain areas (art. 2). The Act is divided into five Titles.
The aim of this Act is the promotion and development of green spaces in urban areas. The Municipalities shall be responsible for developing urban green spaces within their territories, whilst a special committee under the Ministry of the Environment shall exercise monitoring functions.
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