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Showing items 1 through 9 of 136.
  1. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 2006
    Serbia, Slovenia, North Macedonia, Slovakia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Croatia, Turkey, Bulgaria, Estonia, Ireland, Malta, Italy, Cyprus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Albania, Montenegro, Poland, Latvia, Romania, Czech Republic, Europe

    EU membership has profound implications for all parts of a country’s economy, as well as for its relationships with the other countries in Europe and its internal political structures. Members of the EU must be democracies governed by the rule of law and which guarantee human rights. They must have functioning market economies able to withstand the competitive pressures that EU membership brings, and governmental structures capable of discharging the wide range of obligations imposed on EU Member States.

  2. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 2009
    Czech Republic

    Calamagrostis villosa has recently expanded in Nardus stricta-dominated sub-alpine grassland of the Giant Mountains (Krkonoše/Karkonosze, the Czech Republic). To investigate whether this expansion has been promoted by high nitrogen deposition or by the cessation of agricultural management, grassland plots dominated by C. villosa were manipulated with four treatments: control (Con), fertilised (Fer), cut (Cut) and cut-fertilised (Cut-Fer).

  3. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 2013
    Norway, Czech Republic, Europe

    Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) is a tree species distributed mainly in central Europe. It once was a dominant tree species within some forests of this region. The causes for its rapid decline in the past two centuries have not yet been sufficiently explained. It is argued that human activities have been largely responsible for expansions and contractions of silver fir populations. On the basis of the current distribution of silver fir, historical maps and palaeoecological data, we describe the expansion of silver fir forests.

  4. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    January, 2015
    Serbia, Slovenia, North Macedonia, Slovakia, Lithuania, Croatia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Moldova, Albania, Montenegro, Poland, Russia, Germany, Georgia, Romania, Czech Republic, Eastern Europe

    This paper reviews the experiences of introducing land consolidation and land banking instruments in Central and Eastern Europe, largely to address the structural problems of small and fragmented farms. The introduction has been uneven with some countries having established operational programmes while others have taken steps with differing levels of success, and a few have not taken action. The paper assesses the driving factors for the introduction and the approaches used in individual countries.

  5. Library Resource
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    July, 2011
    Slovenia, France, Estonia, Slovakia, Belgium, Spain, Luxembourg, Sweden, Germany, Denmark, Bulgaria, Latvia, Greece, Malta, Finland, Cyprus, Lithuania, Hungary, Austria, Italy, Portugal, Poland, Netherlands, Ireland, Romania, Czech Republic

    Great share of rented land in total utilised area as well as a significant variability of land rent and market prices of land causes a need of research that would assess which factors influence the land rent as well as the price of land and how significant such factor are in each state. The average land rent is significantly lower in new EU member states than in the EU 15 members. There is a strong dependence of land rent on the intensity of production. Subsidies have moderate to medium influence.

  6. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    December, 2013
    Algeria, Bangladesh, Dominican Republic, Chile, Germany, China, Zimbabwe, Australia, Bolivia, Canada, Iceland, Costa Rica, Colombia, Thailand, Italy, Cameroon, Cuba, Argentina, Russia, Czech Republic, Brazil, Austria

    Meeting symbol/code: GSPPA-I/13/Report
    Session: Sess.1

  7. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 2004
    Slovenia, Liechtenstein, France, Estonia, Switzerland, Lithuania, Croatia, Sweden, Germany, Ukraine, Bulgaria, United Kingdom, Austria, Finland, Slovakia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Albania, Poland, Latvia, Romania, Norway, Czech Republic, Europe

    This report presents the results of an extra budgetary project which analyses similarities and common approaches in European national forest legislation. The forest laws of 23 countries have been examined in order to find out whether provisions are made to put into practice the following three legal issues: (1) reforestation obligations after logging through final cutting or loss of forest cover due to fire and natural calamities, (2) regulations concerning public access to forests and (3) public use of non-wood forest products occurring on forest land.

  8. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 1996
    Slovenia, Estonia, Switzerland, Lithuania, Hungary, Croatia, Albania, Poland, Bulgaria, Latvia, Czech Republic, Finland, Romania, Slovakia, Europe

    Perhaps the most important socio-economic and political development in Europe between the time of ETTS IV and that of ETTS V was the start of the process of transition for the former centrally planned economies to a market economy system. The changes to every part of these countries' society and institutions are profound and sometimes painful. The forest and forest products sector is no exception.

  9. Library Resource
    Journal Articles & Books
    December, 2015
    France, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Europe

    Maps of continental‐scale land cover are utilized by a range of diverse users but whilst a range of products exist that describe present and recent land cover in Europe, there are currently no datasets that describe past variations over long time‐scales. User groups with an interest in past land cover include the climate modelling community, socio‐ecological historians and earth system scientists. Europe is one of the continents with the longest histories of land conversion from forest to farmland, thus understanding land cover change in this area is globally significant.

  10. Library Resource
    Training Resources & Tools
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    January, 2004
    Slovenia, Liechtenstein, Bangladesh, Slovakia, El Salvador, Croatia, Chile, Zimbabwe, Germany, Switzerland, Hungary, Australia, Tanzania, Poland, India, Brazil, Czech Republic, Eastern Europe, Global, Central America, Eastern Africa, South America, Southern Africa, Eastern Asia, Caribbean, Southern Asia, Central Asia

    Citizenship is an abstract concept and therefore great care must be taken in explaining what it means in practice and what can effectively be done in the context of development interventions and policy. Development projects which enhance the ability of marginalised groups to access and influence decision-making bodies are implicitly if not explicitly working with concepts of citizenship. Citizenship is about concrete institutions, policy and structures and the ways in which people can shape them using ideas of rights and participation.

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