The need for affirmative action and the mainstreaming of the commons community plus a comprehensive strategy to secure indigenous and community land has become a major global concern of the 21st century.

This note is part of an Action Notes series and provides guidance for governments and companies on how to design business models for responsible agricultural investment. It outlines the general types of models available and the considerations for selecting and/or designing a blended model to suit the context of the investment.

This note is part of an Action Notes series and provides guidance for governments and companies on the design and implementation of outgrower schemes to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes for investors and smallholders.

This note is part of an Action Notes series and provides guidance for governments and companies on the form and content of contracts between them in relation to agricultural investments.

This note is part of an Action Notes series and provides guidance for governments and companies on how to monitor the performance and impact of agricultural investments, and on which aspects to observe.

This note is part of an Action Notes series and provides guidance for governments and companies on the type of information about agricultural investments that they should make publicly available.

This note is part of an Action Notes series and provides guidance for governments and companies on how to ensure that agricultural investments respect existing land rights, both formal and informal, and thereby avert land disputes.

This note is part of an Action Notes series and provides guidance for governments and companies on how to ensure that the impact of agricultural investments on water resources is effectively measured, monitored, and regulated.

This note is part of an Action Notes series and provides guidance for governments and companies on the conduct of environmental and social impact assessments (ESIAs) and the implementation of associated environmental and social management plans (ESMPs).

This note is part of an Action Notes series and provides guidance for governments and companies on the overall approach to consulting, engaging, and partnering with local communities, to bridge gaps in information and expectation between communities and companies and create the social license to operate.

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This note is part of an Action Notes series and provides guidance for governments and companies on negotiating, designing, and implementing community development agreements with local communities in ways that benefit them.