Introduction: "Rural
community
is
one
of
the
strengths
in
country
building.

In
a
nation-­‐state
administrative
policy

changes

are
followed
by
economic
policy
changes,
then
by
changes
in
livelihood
strategies.

To

Introduction: "This
might
refer
to
our
relationship
with
the
environment
just
as
well
as
to
that
between
a
man
and
a

woman.

Our
relationship
with
the
environment
requires
careful
attention
for
we
must
take
care
of
it
if

Interacting land use demands and competing interests originating from fields such as agriculture, housing, mobility and nature conservation call for integrated governance approaches that incorporate disciplinary perspectives and arbitrate between them. The German research program “Sustainable Land Management” targets this challenge and provides an umbrella for a number of regional projects involving transdisciplinary system-oriented approaches to sustainable land use, connecting researchers and practitioners.

In the recent past, high profile cases involving land governance problems have been thrust into the public domain. These include the case involving the grabbing of a playground belonging to Lang’ata Road Primary School in Nairobi and the tussle over a 134 acre piece of land in Karen. Land ownership and use have been a great source of conflict among communities and even families in Kenya, a situation exacerbated by corruption.

Burma has been ranked by a German think tank as the second worst country with regards to the effects of climate change between 1994 and 2013.

The Global Climate Risk Index 2015, published by Germanwatch, listed Honduras as the country suffering most from the effects of extreme weather events in the 20-year period. Burma’s neighbours Bangladesh, Vietnam and Thailand were ranked as fourth, sixth and ninth worst affected, respectively.

Para que esta publicação possa cumprir seu propósito, é necessário entender a importância do controle social para a formulação e implementação de políticas públicas no Brasil e sua ligação com aconstrução de uma sociedade democrática.

Mudanças importantes ocorreram no cenário político institucional e nas dinâmicas sociais nos últimos vinte anos no Brasil. O marco inicial destas transformações pode ser fixado a partir da promulgação da nova Constituição que rege o tecido jurídico e societário brasileiro na atualidade. Todavia, fixar uma marca temporal é sempre complicado quando se trata de entender os pro‑ cessos sociais e suas mudanças, especialmente quando sabemos das interfaces entre passado e presente.

Em 2015, Moçambique celebrou 40 anos desde a proclamação da sua independência. Ocorreram entretanto grandes mudanças positivas em diversas áreas, apesar de um período relativamente longo de 16 anos de guerra civil, de finais dos anos 70 a princípios dos anos 90. Entre outras realiza- ções, no período pós-guerra reduziu-se a insegurança alimentar de 56% em 2003 para 24% em 2015, isto é, 32 pontos percentuais em 17 anos. A desnutrição também foi reduzida de 48% em 2008 para 43%, em 2015, isto é, 6 pontos percentuais em 7 anos.

O arquipélago dos Bijagós, na Guiné-Bissau, ocupa um lugar preponderante entre os grandes
monumentos naturais do litoral oeste africano. Com cerca de 80 ilhas e ilhéus dispersos sobre
aproximadamente 10.000 km², constitui um espaço natural e cultural particular ainda bem
preservado, não obstante a crescente pressão externa e as novas lógicas de desenvolvimento
socioeconómico. Este equilíbrio é mantido graças a uma forte integração de valores culturais
e naturais, mantida graças à noção do sagrado ainda fortemente presente no seio das sociedades

This study provides a comparative legal analysis of how key governance requirements of sus-tainable land use development are accounted for by the environmental and planning law re-gimes of six selected countries (Germany, The Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland, Spain, USA). To that end, a set of key governance requirements for sustainable land use development were ex-tracted from the available sustainability discourcse as comparative criteria, and on that basis, an extensive questionnaire was developed and answered by national experts.

Conservation initiatives to protect valued species communities in human-dominated landscapes face challenges linked to their potential costs. Conservation covenants on private land may represent a cost-effective alternative to land purchase, although many questions on the long-term monitoring and enforcement costs of covenants and the risk of violation or legal challenges remain unquantified. We explore the cost-effectiveness of conservation covenants, defined here as the fraction of the high-biodiversity landscape potentially protected via investment in covenants versus land purchase.

The loss of woodland in Mozambique is more than an environmental issue. Choices about land use — whether made locally, provincially or nationally — affect the availability of water, firewood, fertile land and other ‘ecosystem services’ delivered by woodlands. When these services underpin food security and routes out of poverty, what happens to woodlands becomes as much about people.