Farmland abandonment, including perennial and seasonal abandonment, is an important process of land use change that matters most to food security. Although there is a great deal of studies on farmland abandonment, seasonal abandonment, which is as serious as perennial abandonment, has attracted little academic attention.

The extent of land affected by degradation in Uganda ranges from 20% in relatively flat and vegetation-covered areas to 90% in the eastern and southwestern highlands. Land degradation has adversely affected smallholder agro-ecosystems including direct damage and loss of critical ecosystem services such as agricultural land/soil and biodiversity.

While an increase in the size and number of conservation areas is expected as part of global environmental commitments, at the same time, Protected Area Downgrading, Downsizing, and Degazettement, or PADDD, is becoming more frequent worldwide.

Forests are under pressure from land use change due to anthropogenic activities. Land use change and harvest are the main disturbances of forest landscape changes. Few studies have focused on the relative contributions of different disturbances.

During the different period of architectural design designers attempt to achieve a high level of life quality for all users Architecture and urban planner want to provide a style of design which not only achieves different function for different users with respect to their ethnicity ability age sex capability position and lifestyle but also improve the friendly environment throughout responsive

The Chinese have lived in singleextendedfamily courtyard houses in many parts of China for thousands of years The earliest courtyard house found in China was during the Middle Neolithic period 50003000 BCE The courtyard form signifies Chinese quest for harmony with nature and in social relationships However the 20th century was a significant turning point in the evolution of Chinese courtyard h

Aesthetics is the philosophical study of art and natural beauty and it is indicated by the feelings of pleasure or displeasure which comes from visual and aural elements and artefacts Hence aesthetics depends on the animate or inanimate organization which can be perceived either subjectively or objectively This aesthetic element is uniquely present in the traditional buildings and modern buildi

This paper reports on a detailed analysis of the metabolism of the Island City of Mumbai should the Indian Governments proposal for smart cities be implemented It focuses on the environmental impact of increased population density achieved by demolishing existing mediumrise 35 storey housing and replacing it with the proposed highrise 4060 storey towers The resulting increase in density places

This article aims at following the traces of the transformation of public sphere in Turkey through its manifestations on urban public spaces with the case study of Taksim Square In this attempt the article illustrates how Taksim square as a public space has been shaped by struggles between different ideologies discourses political decisions and daily activities taking place at personal interper

Historical cities due to its magnificent building in its context have a tremendous influence on the formation of city identity which is created through the interaction of natural social and built elements Unfortunately modernization after the industrial revolution couldnt adapt itself to the vernacular area owing to the fact that cities began to lose their identity and sense of belonging to the

In this article the study assessed the domestication process of humankind within the frame of urbanization and power accumulation Within this framework by giving various examples from chicken farms The study expresses the authors opinions on the analogy of the liberated human beings in cities and the freerange chickens in farms It has also been tried to explain how a city acts as a human farm C