The report introduces most of the existing natural resources management (NRM) networks in Cambodia and analyzes some of the general issues related to networking in Cambodia. The overall objectives of this report are to: Introduce some of the existing NRM networks in Cambodia; describe some of the existing general practices for network management and operation; explore some of the cultural and gender issues related to networks; identify the challenges and successes of existing NRM networks and suggest some recommendations for the future.

Community Forestry International trained and educated energetic extension workers, both young and old, from the indigenous Tampuan, Jarai, and Kreung tribes of Ratanakiri province. They are now part of an indigenous peoples’ network that is dedicated to protecting the land and forest rights of the unique indigenous communities of Ratanakiri province.

The study explores the relationship between decentralization and conflict, comparing two case studies in Cambodia and the Philippines. It addresses to what degree and in what ways decentralization influences conflicts that are related to natural resources management (NRM), especially where local institutions are often unrepresentative of, and unaccountable to local communities. In developing countries, the research indicates that sufficient time is an essential component for bringing about genuine and effective local governance, as well as being a means for averting conflict.

The study analyzes the impact of degradation of private land as well as common land resources on migration decisions in three dryland districts in Gujarat. The study concludes that overall, in dry areas such as Gujarat, access to irrigation, rather than land ownership is likely to deter migration. The poorest rural households in dry land regions are the least likely to migrate. Thus, any employment creation in rural dryland regions is most likely to help the poorest. Further, it was found that degradation of common-pool land resources influences short-term but not long-term migration.

While external forces can take many forms, such as the shock of a natural disaster which destroys productive assets, or the long-term ‘trend’ of consistently declining market prices which limits net incomes, the focus of this research is on the policy and institutional environment both within and outside the local community. The following village report examines linkages between micro-level livelihood realities and macro-level policy and institutional contexts. The project is based on a rural case study site of Saninten village in western Java, Indonesia.

The review reveals watershed management research as an interdisciplinary effort at multiple scales within a long-term movement towards informed participatory decision-making. Watersheds, together with aquifers, are the most important units for data collection and modeling in water management. Common property resources (CPRs) are of central importance, especially for low-income inhabitants. The exclusion of women from decision-making is a barrier to proper management as women often have the best understanding of CPR interrelations and management practices.