The effect of Neutral Density Filters on drones orthomosaics classifications for land-use mapping

Landscape and Street Photographers use Neutral Density (ND) Filters to enhance their photos, drones images with advanced photogrammetry software produce high-resolution orthomosaic for the production of land use maps. This paper study the effect of four different neutral density filters (ND-4, ND-8, ND-16, and ND-32) on drone orthomosaics production of a half urbanized area, a five generated orthomosaics one not filtered and four filtered were classified in a remote sensing software and compared between each other. Three comparison methods used for the comparison between orthomosaics: An image visual interpretation, kappa index calculation for land-use quality assessment, and quantity analysis of land use filter generated polygons.