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Piping erosion is one form of water erosion that leads to significant changes in the landscape and environmental degradation.
Soil erosion determines landforms, soil formation and distribution, soil fertility, and land degradation processes. In arid and semiarid ecosystems, soil erosion is a key process to understand, foresee, and prevent desertification.
In this study, we measured and characterized the relative dielectric constant of mineral soils over the 0.3–3.0 frequency range, and compared our measurements with values of three dielectric constant simulation models (the Wang, Dobson, and Mironov models).
The Karkheh River Basin (KRB) of Iran has a semi-arid to arid climate and suffers from low rainfed agricultural productivity. Supplemental irrigation (SI) is recommended in the upper KRB to increase crops yields and water productivity (WP).
Widespread heat waves, floods, and droughts last year were a strong reminder of the threats posed by climate change. In the non-tropical dry areas where ICARDA works we are becoming accustomed to record high temperatures and increasing water scarcity year on year.
This issue of Caravan describes the new program, and some of the research innovations it will build on. The issue begins with two ‘opinion pieces’ by scientists from partner organizations in the CRP.
Wheat is the main cultivated crop in the LKRB (mainly the Dashte- Azadegan plain). Its average yield is 1500 kg/ha (Agricultural Statistics 2004).
Salt-prone land and water resources are major impediments to the optimal utilization of crop production systems in many arid and semi-arid regions of the world, including Iran (Alizadeh et al. 2004; Moghaddam and Koocheki 2004).
CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food - Improving livelihood resilience by integrated natural resource management in upper catchments of dry areas (pn24) and improving on-farm agricultural water productivity in the Karkheh River Basin (pn8).
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