India

An immense country in population and land size, land governance in India was significantly affected by the transition from a socialist to a market economy since the 1980s. There is complexity both due to the high number of laws relating to land, harking from colonial times to the present, and the sharing of responsibilities between several departments at national and sub-national tiers of government, thereby creating overlapping jurisdictions. Despite legal evolution through The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (RFCTLARR) Act, enacted in 2013, land disputes continue to clog up Indian courts at all levels, in particular concerning compensation levels.