I.P.A. Manning, The Landsafe Socioecological Development Model for the Customary Commons of Zambia: Evolution and Formalization, 52 Nat. Resources J. 195 (2012).
Available at: http://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nrj/vol52/iss1/7
Landsafe…will enable a chiefdom to operate securely as a functioning customary commons in which the land is sacrosanct. Second, it will guarantee usufruct rights of both men and women. Third, it will support collective land-use agreements over common–access rights. Fourth, it will allow for exploitation of renewable natural resources and mineral mining only under co-management agreement land vested by the customary authority. Finally, it will place investors, foreign aid, and NGOs under the control of a land-use plan and a properly institutionalised customary commons.
*This article mistakenly stated that Zambia's customary area amounted to 94% of the country. This figure had included the 20% made up of the public commons i.e. protected areas. The current figure for customary area is 52%, with game hunting rights and military controls exerted by the state in 22% of that, i.e. in game management areas.
Ian Manning is a former member of the Zambian Game Department in the years 1966-67 (senior cropping ranger on the Luangwa elephant cropping scheme), 1973-1976 (OIC/biologist of the new Bangweulu Command), and 1988-1989 (instigator and project manager of the Black Rhino Project - a failed attempt to save them from extinction). From 2002-2011 he attempted to implement his Landsafe framework for customary area in two chiefdoms of the Luangwa Valley with the help of a 2.5 million dollar investment. Due to his activism against landgrabs in national parks and the operation of a poaching ring by government employees, he and his family were deported.
He has since written and published a number of books on Zambia:
https://ipa-manning.com/
He has provided a Free Green New Deal for Zambia entitled: Guardians of Eden Manual: https://www.kobo.com/ca/en/ebook/guardians-of-eden-manual
