The accelerated exploration of sub-surface mineral resources across much of Africa has created the need for proper administration of sub-surface land rights. The trend world-wide is a separate cadastre for mining.

Land administration as one of the mechanisms of availing property rights to owners cannot be achieved unless there are well-functioning and coordinated institutional frameworks. This paper explored the challenges emanating from the existing institutional frameworks dealing with land administration in providing property right in Burundi. A mixed research design has been applied to capture qualitative and quantitative data. A desk review of different government reports, academic papers and books have been consulted.

The study looks at the implementation of a GIS - Based Property Tax Information Management System to solve the problem of low internally generated revenue. It also considers the appropriateness of high-resolution satellite image in generating property information in the absence of land registry record.  Building characteristics needed for property valuation that could not be derived from high resolution satellite were collected from property owners using structured questionnaire.

The residential property market in Zambia is characterised by lack of readily available property market data resulting in market values that do not reflect all market information. An empirical case study approach based on best practice from both developed and developing countries to assess how this information can be incorporated into easily accessible data sharing mechanisms among the buyers, sellers, estate agents and valuation surveyors has been adopted.

With the fast world population growing, the efficient use of land properties became of great necessity. In this context, the traditional two-dimensional (2D) cadastral management mode cannot satisfy the need of current 3D land use and 3D urban planning (Guo et al. 2014). So, developing a 3D cadastral system is a very promising solution for land administration. However, the development of such a solution can be faced to some challenged issues related to economic, legal, technical and organizational aspects. In this paper, we present some basics about the 3D cadastre in Land governance.