General

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Objectives

The overall objective of the ALCANCE Contribution is "Empowered partner organisations for increased access to productive land, access, and control of means of production, and increased knowledge by women and stallholder farmers to ensure the right of nutritious food in Nia. To achieve that, the ALCANCE contribution has six overarching results areas (RA) developed with the following respective outcomes and outputs: RA1: Effective equitable and just food systems Outcome: Empowered partner organisations for increased access to productive land, access, and control of means of production, and increased knowledge by women and stallholder farmers to ensure the right of nutritious food. With outputs: 1.1 increased land rights for women and marginalised communities, 1.2 increased implementation of sustainable land management (SALM) practices among smallholder farmers, 1.3 Strengthened apex organisations for increased public extension and technical support and agriculture input, 1.4 Strengthened functional and equitable values chains in agriculture and local food. RA2: Sustainable livelihoods. Outcome: Increased uptake of SALM practices and diversification of income generation activities through environmentally sustainable businesses while enhancing peace and stability. With outputs: 2.1 Strengthened women forums taking critical decisions on choices of type of seed, type of inputs, tools, agriculture training needs within farmers organisations, 2.2 Strengthened farmer organisations advocating for improved access to and benefit from extension services from duty bears and to provide adequate extension service packages to women as their members, 2.3 Women's economic empowerment projects ensuring sustainable livelihoods for women, households, and communities implemented, 2.4 Increased women's access to financial services RA3: Climate change and resilience Outcome: Partner organisations are strengthened to act locally and globally to empower rights holders to achieve long lasting and sustainable results in efforts toward climate justice. With outputs: 3.1 Increased number of spaces and opportunities for smallholder farmers to lobby for climate change improved policies, 3.2 Partners organisations strengthened to develop and facilitating access to early warning systems and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) activities for relevant communities, 3.3 Partner organisations strengthened to support small farmers, particularly women, to adopt improved, adaptive and resilient farming system, 3.4 Strengthened partners organisation to promote the blue economy by supporting fisher folks preserve the commons in inland waters and seas. RA4: Gender equality Outcome: Partners are strengthened to address gender inequalities in communities they work with by seeking to transform the harmful gender norms that hinder women's leadership and access to and control of resources and assets. With outputs: 4.1 Partners organisation strengthened to implement actions aiming at transforming harmful social norms that exclude and increase the vulnerability of women and marginalised communities, 4.2 Partner organisations strengthened to promote upcoming women led movements and women leadership 4.3 Partner organisations supported to develop tools to analyse power dynamics in their organisations and the communities they work with, 4.4 Partners organisations are strengthened to link up with specialized organisations to combat GBV RA5: Equitable and just access to adequate housing Outcome: Partner organisations are strengthened to reduce rights holders vulnerability to climate change by promoting equitable and just access to adequate housing. With outputs: 5.1 Partners organisations are strengthened to develop and disseminate housing models that are resilient to climate change effects, considering women need and privacy, and are inclusive, 5.2 Increased uptake and support for environmentally sustainable products and resources in housing by the rights-holders, 5.3 Partners organisations are strengthened to undertake policy advocacy for equitable and just access to adequate housing, 5.4 Partners are strengthened to support settlement of IDP through access to land for farming and housing and promote peaceful society. RA6: Stronger organization Outcome: Partner organisations are supported to become effective and sustainable agents of transformational change With outputs: 6.1 Partner organisations are more democratic, transparent, equitable, inclusive, accountable and member led, 6.2 Partners organisations strengthened to mobilize and support collective action of rights-holders living in poverty, 6.3 Partner organisations strengthened to deliver demand driven, equal, equitable and justice member owned services, 6.4 Undertake policy advocacy for policy reform of discriminatory and unjust laws, policies, and national strategies on the right to food and climate change.

General

This contribution concerns a support of SEK 110 million for a period of three years to a program called MOPSS. The program aims to promote peaceful coexistence between primarily livestock farmers and sedentary farmers in the border areas of Western Sahel (Mali , Burkina Faso, Niger, Benin, Togo, Ghana, Ivory Coast), and a strengthened consensus on how limited natural resources such as water, land and grazing can benefit all groups and how conflicts around them can be prevented and resolved. The name MOPSS refers to the French name of the program which is freely translated into English as follows: "Peaceful cross-border movement for livestock in the Sahel and social stability" (Mobilité Pastorale transfrontalière apaisée et Stabilité social au Sahel). The program is led and implemented by a consortium that includes, among others, the herders' and farmers' own regional socio-professional organisations in the Sahel (ROPPA, APESS, RBM). Sida continues to see an intrinsic value in supporting the herders own interest organisations and the special contribution wellfunctioning, legitimate and representative civil society organisations can make to conflict resolution and conflict prevention, both directly through various forms of mediation and stakeholder consultations, as well as indirectly through a policy environment and investments that take the special needs of mobile livestock rearing into account. The programme is aligned with the interest organisations' own objectives, as well as ECOWAS national policy and institutional frameworks, and the African Union's guidelines to secure pastoralism and prevent conflict in Africa. The aim of MOPSS is: 1) Livestock mobility and the land rights of pastoralists and agropastoralists in the targeted crossborder areas are better secured. 2) Livelihoods of vulnerable agropastoral and pastoral households (in particular livelihoods for women and youth) are secured, sustained and developed. 3) Pastoral and agropastoral civil society organisations increase their influence and are more representative, reactive and accountable.

Objectives

The overall objective of the program at impact level is to contribute to increased social cohesion of transhumance communities in cross-border areas in the Sahel and the Gulf of Guinea through strengthened resilience against climatic and security chocks, peaceful pastoralism, and an inclusive and integrated local economy. More specifically, the aim is that 80% of the households in targeted communities live in peaceful coexistence with pastoral communities. Three levels of results have been formulated: - Long-term outcomes (LTO), expected to be realised within 36 months, i.e. the duration of the project. - Medium-term outcomes (MTO), expected to be realised within 24 months. - Short term outputs (CTO), expected to be realised within 12 months. Long- and medium-term outcomes have been translated from French and are listed below. For short term outputs, see result framework attached to the project document. Long term outcome 1, LTO1: Livestock mobility and the land rights of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists in the targeted cross-border areas are better secured. MTOs linked to LTO1: MTO1.1: The host communities have an improved perception of livestock mobility and cross-border transhumance. MTO1.2: The states adopt and scale up innovative tools and approaches for regulating transhumance (ICT, traceability, marital status, security). MTO1.3: The family / household production units have access to information and verified early warning signals, legal assistance, dialogue platforms, civil society mediators and protection measures against insecurity. MTO1.4: The constituent parts and membership of the National Transhumance Committees and other frameworks for natural resources management capitalize on innovative solutions and mobilise resources from states and donors for this purpose. MTO1.5: The decentralised state institutions (municipalities, districts, regions) and their representative associations and informal institutions for local dialogue manage natural resources and land rights in an inclusive, consensual and equitable manner. Long-term outcome 2, LTO2: Livelihoods of vulnerable agropastoral and pastoral households (in particular livelihoods for women and youth) are secured, sustained and developed. MTOs linked to LTO2: MTO2.1: The vulnerable pastoral and agro-pastoral family/household production units have improved their productivity, diversified their income sources and mitigated their pressure on land and natural resources. MTO2.2: The enterprises and cooperatives active in the value chains linked to farming, livestock, forestry and fishing are more inclusive with regard to women and youth and better performing. MTO2.3: The pastoral and agro-pastoral family/household production units who suffer external shocks and/or live as IDPs, together with the host communities, have access to means of production with limited land requirements. Long-term outcome 3, LTO3: Pastoral and agro-pastoral civil society organisations increase their influence and are more representative, reactive and accountable. MTOs linked to LTO3: MTO3.1: The producers' organisations and their members participate effectively in the processes to formulate, implement and monitor policy in the areas of agriculture, livestock, forestry and fishery which is conflict and gender sensitive, respectful of human rights, and promotes social inclusion and nutrition. MTO3.2: The producers' organisations contribute to knowledge production with regard to enhanced equity and inclusivity for triple nexus practises which are favourable towards pastoralist and agro-pastoralist communities and can be put to scale.

General

Central Africa is home to the world’s second largest rainforest. Its stock absorb carbon and is home to more than 50 % of terrestrial biodiversity, while only covering 6 % of the Earth’s surface. Rainforests are under threat and the loss of rainforests lead to loss of biodiversity and increasing emissions of greenhouse gases. The Central African Forest Initiative theory of change is to contribute to low emission development in partner countries through interventions in the land use and forestry sector because of the immense value forests represent for humans and the planet. CAFIs two main impacts are 1) Emission reductions from deforestation and forest degradation and enhanced removals and 2) Sustainable development co-benefits: biodiversity conservation, increased food security, increased tenure security, women´s empowerment, better business climate, increased revenues, increased fiscal revenues.

Objectives

Objectives of the intervention CAFI´s (Central African Forest Initiative) theory of change is to contribute to low emission development in partner countries through interventions in the land use and forestry sector because of the immense value forests represent for humans and the planet. To implement the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, to fight poverty and to fulfill the post 2020 biodiversity framework. This will be done through reduced deforestation and forest degradation. CAFI´s climate and development objectives are attained through the implementation of ambitious national investment frameworks that decouple development from deforestation. Such socioeconomic transformation will come from measures that properly address both direct drivers of deforestation (such as agriculture, wood energy, forestry and infrastructure/mining) and underlying drivers (such as lack of land use planning and insecure land tenure, poor governance and rapid population growth). Targets are reduction of annual rates of deforestation and degradation compared to reference scenario, e.g. Gabon: reductions of emissions from the LULUCF of 50% by 2025 (compared to 2005), DRC: provincial integrated programmes aim at a 10% reduction in emissions, RDC: objective to stabilize forest cover at 63.5%. The CAFI M&E framework is built on its Theory of Change, which seeks to achieve two main impacts: 1) emission reductions from deforestation and forest degradation and enhanced removals 2) sustainable development co-benefits: biodiversity conservation, increased food security, increased tenure security, women´s empowerment, better business climate, increased revenues, increased fiscal revenues. through the following seven outcomes: 1. sustainable agricultural investments 2. sustainable wood energy investments 3. sustainable forest governance and investments, and enhanced permitting, monitoring and enforcement capacity 4. sustainable siting and development of infrastructure and mining investment 5. optimal land use planning and land tenure 6. reduced demographic pressure on forests 7. Improved governance, inter-ministerial coordination and transparency (including permitting and fiscal policies) CAFI Terms of Reference and national investment frameworks are to provide full details on expected outputs as well as country specific theories of change. At the outcome level, these outputs will ensure that: Sustainable agricultural practices lead to less land conversion and increased food security Sustainable alternatives to current wood energy practices are adopted Forestry sector and protected areas institutions and stakeholders have the capacity and the legal framework to promote, monitor and enforce sustainable management of forests Future infrastructure and mining projects minimize their overall footprint on forests Land use planning decisions ensure a balanced representation of sectoral interests and keep forests standing, and better tenure security does not incentivize forest loss by individuals, communities or companies Population growth and migration to forests and forest fronts are slowed down Better inter ministerial coordination and governance resulting in a permitting, enforcement and fiscal regime of economic activities that do not push economic actors to forest conversion and illegal activities and a business climate favorable to forest friendly investments.