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Library Resource

粮食及农业状况 2010-2011年

Journal Articles & Books
December, 2011
Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Switzerland, Nepal, China, Indonesia, Peru, Ethiopia, Pakistan, Kenya, Philippines, Turkey, Italy, India, Uganda, Ghana
property rights
land use
land tenure
poverty
private ownership
land governance
land ownership
在所有发展中国家地区，妇女对农村经济做出重大贡献。妇女的这一作用因地区而异，然而，妇女获取提高生产力所需资源和机会的手段总是比男人的少。增加妇女获取土地、牲畜、教育、金融服务、推广、技术和农村就业的手段，将提高妇女的生产力，促进农业增产、粮食安全、经济增长和社会福利。仅在农业投入品方面缩小性别差距这一项，就能使一亿到一点五亿人摆脱贫困。缩小性别差距没有现成蓝图，但有些基本原则普遍适用：政府、国际社会和民间社会应携手努力，按法律规定消除歧视，促进资源获取手段和机会的平等，确保农业政策和计划考虑性别问题，聆听妇女作为可持续发展平等伙伴的声音。农业方面实现男女平等，赋予妇女权能，不仅应该做到，而且对农业发展和粮食安全至关重要。
Library Resource

水管理：促进节约与增长的办法情况说明 No. 4

Policy Papers & Briefs
December, 2011
Italy
natural resources management
water management
可持续集约化需要更合理、更精确的灌溉技术和农耕方式，利用生态系统方法节约用水。
Library Resource

土壤健康：促进节约与增长的技术。情况说明 No. 2

Policy Papers & Briefs
December, 2011
Italy, Africa, South America
Land, Climate Change & Environment
sustainable land management
environment
land management
农业必须重新审视土壤健康的重要性，利用天然植物营养，合理施用无机肥，切切实实回归本源。
Library Resource

世界食料農業白書 2010-11年報告

Journal Articles & Books
December, 2011
Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Switzerland, Kenya, Peru, Indonesia, Ghana, Ethiopia, Pakistan, Nepal, Philippines, Turkey, Japan, Italy, India, Sudan, Uganda
property rights
land use
land tenure
poverty
private ownership
land governance
land ownership
　この「世界食料農業白書2010-2011年報告」は“農業における女性：開発に向けたジェンダーギャップの解消”を主題としている。農業部門は多くの開発途上国で伸び悩んでおり、その主な原因の１つは、女性たちが自らの生産性を高めるために必要な資源と機会を平等に手に入れることができないでいることにある。本報告は、ミレニアム開発目標のジェンダー平等（MDG ３）と貧困・食料安全保障（MDG １）は互いに補強し合うものであることをはっきりと確認している。われわれはジェンダー平等を促進し、農業に携わる女性たちが飢餓と極度の貧困に立ち向かう闘いに持続的に勝利するための能力を与えなければならない。私は、MDG ３を達成することがMDG １を達成する助けになりうると固く信じている。
Library Resource

世界粮食和农业领域土地及水资源状况 ― 濒危系统的管理

Journal Articles & Books
December, 2011
Kenya, Bangladesh, Germany, China, Italy, Senegal, India, Yemen, Chad, Sri Lanka, Niger, Ethiopia, Thailand
natural resources management
water management
land
land use
land management
到2050年，全球范围内的粮食产量预计需要再递增70%左右，而在发展中国家这一比例将近100%。面对粮食增产的这一需求，再加上其他领域需求的争夺，使全球许多农业生产系统纷纷置于前所未有的压力之下。这些“濒临系统”正处于愈演愈烈的水土资源大战之中，而且还经常受到不可持续的农耕方式的掣肘。因此，需要对其特别注意并采取具体的救助措施。《世界粮食和农业领域土地及水资源状况》（SOLAW）就这些高危领域如何克服制约因素并改善资源管理探讨了多种方案。在每一个领域，除了要在制度和政策上作出一些列调整外，还必须将其与扩大技术应用结合起来，以获得更好的水土资源管理效果。另外，加大投资力度、提供新型融资机制以及开展国际合作与开发援助也有助于克服这些制约因素。本书作为《世界粮食和农业领域土地及水资源状况》第一期，是对联合国粮食及农业组织出版的其他“世界状况”类报告的一个补充，其旨在揭示国家与国际层面上的论争和决策情况。
Library Resource

“PLUP FICTION”: Landscape Simulation for Participatory Land Use Planning in Northern Lao PDR

Journal Articles & Books
December, 2011
Laos
Land & Food Security
Land, Climate Change & Environment
development agencies
food security
land distribution
land reform
environment
A landscape simulation was designed and tested in Viengkham, a mountainous district in the north of Lao PDR. This social learning process was introduced by researchers affiliated with national research institutions to improve land use planning practices and increase the ownership of local people in the planning process. Twelve members of the village land management committees participated in the role play called PLUP Fiction, which is part of a stepwise process of participatory land use planning (PLUP).
Library Resource

‘Tolerable’ hillslope soil erosion rates in Australia: Linking science and policy

Journal Articles & Books
December, 2011
Australia
land management
This paper reviews water-borne soil erosion in Australia in the context of current environmental policy needs. Sustainability has emerged as a central tenet of environmental policy in Australia and water-borne hillslope soil erosion rates are used as one of the indicators of agricultural sustainability in State of the Environment reporting. We review attempts to quantify hillslope erosion rates over Australia and we identify areas at risk of exceeding natural baseline rates. We also review historical definitions of sustainable, or ‘tolerable’ erosion rates, and how to set these rates.
Library Resource

‘Tips and tricks’ of participatory land-use planning in Lao PDR

Towards a land zoning negotiation support platform

January, 2011
Laos
natural resources management
Library Resource

‘Shifting ground’

Renegotiating land rights and rural livelihoods in Sarawak, Malaysia

Peer-reviewed publication
August, 2011
Malaysia
Indigenous & Community Land Rights
Land & Investments
land law
indigenous peoples' lands
land use
agriculture
land use change
land investments
customary land rights
indigenous peoples' land rights
indigenous people's tenure
Indigenous Peoples
palm oil industries
In this paper, we use an actor-oriented perspective to explore the nature and extent of conflict and negotiation with regard to land use and tenure among the Iban of Sarawak. The Iban are shifting cultivators who have long been involved in smallholder cash crops.
Library Resource

‘Land belongs to the community’: Demystifying the ‘global land grab’ in Southern Sudan

Reports & Research
April, 2011
Africa
land acquisitions
mining
land
scale
A surprising number of large-scale land acquisitions have taken place in Southern Sudan in recent years. Presents preliminary data on Central and Western Equatoria, examining company-community engagement and the extent to which communities are being involved. Presents a number of case studies illustrating the complex interplay between cultural sovereignty and post-war reconstruction. Makes recommendations.