English version of the 2005 Sudan Interim Constitution who was accepted by the Sudan National Assembly on 6 July 2005. The text institutes the foundations of the decentralized Sudanese state and has provisions regarding elections and power sharing.

The session explored the transformative potential of property tax reform as a tool to enhance urban resilience to climate change and improve land management. Historically, debates on property taxation have been disconnected from land governance and urban climate strategies, representing a missed opportunity to address these challenges synergistically. Drawing on recent experiences supported by the Local Government Revenue Initiative (LoGRI), the session presented strategies that integrate property tax reform with urban resilience and sustainable land management.

The Africa Region Technical Workshop brought together a diverse group of stakeholders to discuss the progression from pilot projects to nationwide land registration across Sub-Saharan Africa. The workshop aimed to facilitate knowledge exchange, enhance South-South cooperation, and examine innovative approaches to scaling up land registration. Government representatives from various countries presented on key topics, including fit-for-purpose technologies, institutional frameworks, and the sustainability of land administration reforms.

The Africa Region Technical Workshop gathered a diverse range of stakeholders to discuss the shift from pilot projects to nationwide land registration in Sub-Saharan Africa. The workshop aimed to encourage knowledge sharing, strengthen South-South cooperation, and explore innovative solutions to the common challenges of scaling up land rights registration programs. Government representatives delivered presentations on key topics such as appropriate technologies, institutional frameworks, and the sustainability of land administration reforms.

The Global Land Governance and Policy Forum brought together a diverse coalition of international stakeholders to address the pressing challenges of tenure security and land governance. This inaugural high-level event, organized at the World Bank Land Conference, aimed to amplify global efforts under the informal campaign of the ‘Global Land Agenda,’ which advocates for formal structures to support a more coordinated approach to land governance.

The session introduced the World Bank's Global Program on Access to Land for Climate Action and Infrastructure, aiming to address critical challenges related to land use in the context of climate change and sustainable development. The primary objective was to announce the launch of the Global Program, spotlight commitments from donors, and present insights from the 5-year Global Program on Land and Climate Change.

The session focused on the development of an open land information infrastructure in Africa, aiming to enhance tenure security and support climate action. Bringing together a diverse group of stakeholders—including civil society, government representatives, and academics—the roundtable explored the current state of land data in Africa, highlighting the legal and technical landscapes that shape access and transparency.

The roundtable session on carbon markets and climate justice addressed how carbon trading frameworks can be designed to protect community land rights, especially as countries in Africa and Asia establish legal frameworks in line with Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. The discussions highlighted the crucial role of tenure security in achieving effective conservation, recognizing that rural communities are key to successful conservation outcomes.

The session examined innovative approaches to empower rural and Indigenous women through secure land rights, emphasizing the vital role of women in climate mitigation and adaptation. It highlighted the persistent barriers that women face in land ownership and control, which impact their economic security, adaptation capacity, and participation in decision-making processes related to land and climate.

The session examined two distinct methodologies in land administration—Fit-for-Purpose and Property Tax-first approaches—as potential solutions to the challenges of building effective national land cadasters in rapidly urbanizing areas. A diverse panel of experts and practitioners shared insights from real-world applications of each approach, highlighting successes and challenges. The Fit-for-Purpose model was presented as a flexible and cost-effective method, emphasizing efficiency and adaptability in the face of limited resources and evolving urban landscapes.

The session focused on advancing responsible land-based investment (RLBI) governance through a comprehensive, multi-actor, and multi-pronged approach. Discussions centered on the ALIGN Technical Support Facility’s efforts to foster effective governance frameworks, emphasizing the importance of political economy considerations in navigating complex land governance contexts. Emerging pressures, such as climate change and the need for a just transition, were highlighted as key factors influencing land-based investment decisions.