Prerequisite for sustainable development of the Russian Federation is the creation and development of a system of protected areas. Main mechanism that creates optimal conditions for the fulfilment of functions of the PA is planning. At the present time we have to admit that there are problems that prevent from appropriate functioning of protected areas and solving the tasks assigned to them.

The article investigates the power relations that emerged around a CBNRM programme and a land claim by the Makuleke community of the Northern Transvaal Province of South Africa. The land from which the Makuleke were forcibly removed in 1969 was incorporated into the Kruger National Park. Under post-apartheid land tenure reform legislation the community was now able to reclaim the land that they had lost.This paper describes the process of bargaining that took place between the community and the National Park authorities.

This paper investigates the
effectiveness of protected areas in slowing tropical forest
clearing in 64 countries in Asia/Pacific, Africa, and Latin
America for the period 2001-2012. The investigation compares
deforestation rates inside and within 10 kilometers outside
the boundary of protected areas. Annual time series of these
deforestation rates were constructed from recently published
high-resolution data on forest clearing. For 4,028 parks,

Natural regeneration is sometimes
sufficient for forests and other plant communities to
recover after a disturbance. In the case of severe
disturbances, however, this is unlikely to be true. Natural
regeneration may occur in such cases but the rate is likely
to be very slow. Hence, some form of intervention is needed.
This note is aimed at highlighting some of the factors that
might be needed in the initial stages of restoring forests

This report was prepared to provide
information and analysis of the Samoan livestock sub-sector
for the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries through a
technical assistance assignment financed by the World Bank.
The Word Bank contributed technical assistance support to
the Government of Samoa to help identify measures to
strengthen agriculture sector institutions, to improve the
performance of selected commodities - including in the

A pattern of forest area loss followed
by a period of reforestation is representative of the forest
transition process. Forest transition has been observed in
many countries and is a feature of the development process.
China reached its inflection point earlier and faster than
most other countries that have gone through the transition.
The report describes the success of reforms to forest
resource tenure in collective forest areas. These reforms,

Vietnam's forests remain dependent
on public resources, including international development
assistance, for the delivery of public and private services
that include timber production, state forest management,
forest protection and biodiversity conservation, and
extension and research. Public subsidies are also provided
to smallholder forest owners to stimulate investments into
the sector. For the Government it is important to

This report is organized around three
thematic chapters. Chapter one looks at the contribution of
the environment and tourism sector to the Namibian economy
as well as at some key achievements and challenges. Chapter
two describes the policy and legislative framework, and the
institutional analysis of the environment and tourism
sector. Chapter three examines the financing of the sector
and some key budget management issues. And finally in

This forest policy note was prepared to
provide input to the ongoing forest sector reform in Kenya
on participation in sustainable forest management. It offers
recommendations on possible priority forest policy actions
within the forthcoming Natural Resource Management (NRM)
Project. The latter focuses enhancing the capacity of
Kenyans to manage the natural resource base and resources
available to poor and vulnerable communities. By outlining

The book provides an evaluation of, and
policy advice on key environmental, social, and economic
issues concerning the development of nature tourism. Using
KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa as a case study, it highlights
both the benefits, and trade-offs I promoting, an managing
sustainable nature-tourism development, and it assesses how
policy can enhance nature tourism's contribution to
economic growth, poverty reduction, and conservation. The

Con la noción de la reexistencia, como la reinvención creativa de las circunstancias propias, el documento técnico muestra a los siringueros dentro del sistema-mundo colonial y capitalista, como un movimiento que propone la Reserva Extractivista como la mejor forma de defender y construirse autónomamente, aglutinando una perspectiva de clase, las relaciones de género y la relación con la naturaleza…

Villa Fátima se encuentra dentro de la reserva Vida Silvestre Ríos Blanco y Negro creada en 1990. Las familias crearon se constituyeron como Asociación de Productores Agropecuarios Campesinos de Villa Fátima, lograron titular 2.250 has. Para actividades agroforestales, piscicultura, apicultura, para tener ingresos económicos y no incumplir las prohibiciones de la reserva forestal.